The influence of some paratypical factors on the reproductive qualities of sows

Relevance. The live weight of pigs is closely related to the process of growth and development of their organism. It varies depending on the growth rate of animals, is determined by genetic factors and environmental conditions. The aim of the article is to study the influence of live weight and age on the productive qualities of sows.
Methods. On the basis of FGUP "Kolos" of the Tsivilsky district of the Chuvash Republic, 50 sows of a Large white breed were evaluated according to a set of characteristics: exterior, development, live weight, productivity. To identify the rating of the sow, the instructions for pig bonitization were used. The pigs were fed according to the rations in accordance with the feeding standards.
Results. According to the milk content, the difference between the first and fifth farrowing is 5.3 kg, according to the weight of the nest in 2 months — 16.6 kg. The mortality in the first and second farrowing was 11%, in the third — 10%, and in the fourth and fifth farrowing the livability was 96 and 95%. With an increase in prolificacy the milk yield and nest weight increase in 2 months, the difference between multiple births with 9 and 12 pigletsby the milk yield was 4.3 kg, by nest weight in 2 months — 25.1 kg. With an increase in the live weight of sowsincrease prolificacy , milk production, and nest weight in 30 days and in 2 months. The difference in prolificacy between the first and third groups was 1.8 heads, in milk production — 6.3 kg, in nest weight at 30 days — 9.31 kg, and at 2 months — 23.95 kg. In our studies, the cost of one newborn piglet of sows on 3rd, 4th, 5th farrowings and with a live weight of over 180 kg was 10–18% lower than of a piglet received from sows on 1st, 2nd farrowings and weighing up to 180 kg.

1. Mikhaylova L. R., Zhestyanova L. V., Lavrentiev A. Yu., Sherne V. S. The influence of natural zeolites on the productive qualities of young pigs. Zootekhniya. 2021:10: 20-23 (In Russian)

2. Fayzullin R.A., Sayfutdinov M.R. Some economically useful signs of the pigs of a Large White breed in OOO “Rossyia”. Agrarian science. 2021;354 (11-12):56-59. (In Russian) https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2021-354-11-12-56-59

3. Mikhaylova L. R., Zhestyanova L. V., Lavrentiev A. Yu., Sherne V.S. The use of natural zeolites in compound feeds of young pigs. Agrarnaya nauka. 2021: 3: 43-47 (In Russian).

4. Daryin A., Busov A., Kerdyashov N. Reproductive qualities of sows with different duration of the service period and lactation. Scientific papers-series d-animal science. 2021: 64: 2: 161-165.

5. Daryin A., Kershov N., Shishkina T., Guseva T. Efficiency of using Echinacea purpurea in feeding laying hens of a parent flock. Scientific papers-series d-animal science. 2020: 63: 2: 112-117.

6. Nekrasov R. V., Chabaev M. G., Tsis E. Yu. [et al.] PSIII-23 Effect of feed antioxidants on behavior and stress resistance of fattening pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 2020: 98: S4: 364-365. DOI 10.1093/jas/skaa278.640.

7. Nekrasov R. V., Bogolyubova N. V., Chabaev M. G. [et al.] Taxifolin impact on the consequences of moderate heat stress in fattening pigs. Journal of Animal Science. 2021: 99: S3: 416-417. DOI 10.1093/jas/skab235.750.

8. Mysik A.T., Nekrasov R.V., Chabayev M.G., Mahayev Ye. A., Badyrhanov M.B. Features of the system of normalized pig feeding in LLC “Tsar meat” of the Bryansk region. Zootekhniya. 2016; 9: 14-17 (in Russian).

9. Nekrasov R.V., Golovin A.V., Mahayev Ye. A., Mysik A.T., Chabayev M.G. (eds.). Nutritional requirements of dairy cattle and pigs M.: Monografiya. Posvyashchayetsya 100-letiyu so dnya rozhdeniya akademika Alekseya Petrovicha Kalashnikova (1918–2010). 2018. P 300 (in Russian)].

10. Chabayev M.G., Nekrasov R.V., Anisova N.I., Nadeev V.P., Zorikova A.A. The use of various forms of trace elements in the feeding of young pigs. Dostizheniya nauki i tekhniki APK. 2013; 3: 29-30 (in Russian)].

11. Rakhmatov L. A. The relationship of piglet development with milk production and the chemical composition of sow milk. Scientific notes of the Kazan State Academy of Veterinary Medicine named after N.E. Bauman. 2011: 205: 177-184 EDN HEIFWD (In Russian)].

12. Kazantseva N., Vasilyeva M. Feed additive Jenix in feeding pregnant and suckling sows. Veterinary medicine of farm animals. 2019. 3: 59-62. EDN VYYHAL (In Russian)].

13. Evdokimov N. V., Kamaldinov I. N. Reproductive ability of boars with different types of higher nervous activity. Veterinarian. 2020: 1:41-48. DOI 10.33632/1998-698X.2020-1-41-48. EDN IIKJSI (In Russian)].

14. Dementiev V. N., Kulikova S. G., Kochnev N. N. Reproductive qualities of sows in the conditions of industrial technology. Glavnyj zootekhnik. 2014: 5: 11-17. EDN SBGUVX (In Russian).

15. Procedure and conditions for the bonitation of breeding pigs. Available from: http://www.consultant.ru/ [Accessed August 10, 2022] (in Russian).

16. Kalashnikova A. P., Fisinina V. I., Shcheglova V. V., Kleimenova N. I. Norms and rations of feeding farm animals: a reference manual. – 3rd ed., reprint. and additional. M. 2003. 200 р. (In Russian)

17. Zatsarinin A. A. Reproductive qualities of sows of large white breed under various maintenance systems. Proceedings of the Samara State Agricultural Academy. 2015: 1: 115-119. EDN TMMCBD (In Russian)

18. Balnikov A. A., Kostomakhin N. M., Ryabtseva S. V. Reproductive qualities of boars and factors determining them. Glavnyj zootekhnik. 2016: 8: 5-13. EDN WGWPPJ (In Russian)