Characteristics of growth and development of young Hereford and Kalmyk cattle in Yakutia

The aim of the study was to obtain experimental data on selection and genetic parameters of productive characteristics of young Hereford and Kalmyk cattle in Yakutia. The experimental study was conducted at the Integrated Agricultural Production Company "Churapcha” in Churapchinsky District and Integrated Agricultural Production Company "Satabyl” in Khangalassky District, Yakutia. The study was carried out on steers and heifers at the age of 6.9 months, each group contained 10 animals. There was used the beef breeding technology, all animals were kept under similar feeding and housing conditions. The article presents the experimental data on selection and genetic parameters of productive characteristics of young Hereford and Kalmyk cattle in Yakutia. The key indicators characterizing the animals’ physique were body measurements and body build indices. The study revealed that the body weight of the Kalmyk steers and heifers at the birth was 19.2-20.8 kg, at the age of 3 months - 53.3-55.5 kg, at the age of 5 months - 109.7-117 kg. From birth until 3 months, the overall weight gain was 34.1-34.7 kg, the daily weight gain was 378-385 g. The body weight of the Hereford steers and heifers at the birth was 25.5-32.3 kg, at the age of 5 months - 125-145 kg. The coefficients of variation of body weight of the Hereford cattle was 6.5-16.6%, Kalmyk cattle - 4.47%, Hereford offspring - 13.4-15.8% and Kalmyk offspring - 10.2%. The analysis of the exterior parameters showed that the blockiness index in the Kalmyk steers at the age of 8 months was 126.1-127.3, index for long legs was 49.0-49.1, thoracic index was 58.5-58.7. The blockiness index in the Kalmyk heifers was 123.8-129.3, index for long legs was 48.0, thoracic index was 55.7-58.4. The blockiness index in the Hereford steers was 129.6, thoracic index was 56.6, in the Hereford heifers the blockiness index was 129.2 and thoracic index was 56.7.

живая масса, рост, развитие, герефордская порода, калмыцкая порода, параметры, среднесуточный прирост, индексы, body weight, growth, development, Hereford breed, Kalmyk breed, parameters, average daily gain, indices

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