Study and selection of soy initial material for the development of new varieties

Abstract

The article presents the results of the study on more than 200 varieties of soybean of different ecological and geographical origin. The samples were taken from the collections of All-Union Research Institute of Plant Breeding. The study was conducted in the Ryazan region in 2015-2017. As a result of the study, there were developed varieties with increased productivity and optimal duration of vegetation period. The varieties had an increased number of beans and seeds, high protein content in seeds and high oil content. The correlation analysis revealed that the duration of vegetation period was mostly determined by the value of "full blossom - full ripeness”, r = 0.811, and to a lesser extent the duration depended on "full germinated - full blossom”, r = 4.482. The best samples were Kastka (Ryazan region), Chera 1 (Chuvashia), Merlin (Austria), Elena (Ukraine), Semu 315 (Germany), Gaillard (Canada). These samples will be included in the selection process as initial materials, in order to develop high-yield soybean varieties adapted to the Central region of Russia.