Adaptation of cultivation technology developed according to seeding time for perspective annual crops in the central Yakutia

The key reason for low productivity of dairy cattle in the Sakha Republic (Yakutia) has been low feed availability. The lack of bulky feed in Yakutia has been a constant pressing issue. The article presents the results of a two-year study on cultivating new and perspective varieties of annual crops. The study was conducted in Yakut Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture. An impact of seeding time on yield, nutritional values was studied, there was also established the economic efficiency of cultivating perspective annual crops in the current zone. The crop yields after the first and second seeding were practically the same, sunflower - 37-38 t/ha, maize - 31-34 t/ha, millet - 20 t/ha, oil radish - 21 t/ha, sudan grass - 23-24 t/ha; after the third seeding these indicators decreased, sunflower - 20 t/ha, maize - 16 t/ha, millet - 11 t/ha, oil radish - 17.3 t/ha, sudan grass - 14 t/ha. There was established optimal seeding time to produce high-quality bulky feed: 1 June - the first seeding; 15 June - the second seeding; 30 June - the third seeding; and harvesting during the blooming and tasselling period: 10 August - the first harvesting, 20 August - the second harvesting, 30 August - the third harvesting. The nutritional value of annual crops meets the requirements of zootechnical norm. Thus, it is cost-effective to cultivate feed crops in all three seeding periods, the net income obtained from sunflower reached 42,900 rubles/ ha, maize - up to 34,400, oil radish up to 13,800, sudan grass - 12,600, millet - 7,800 rubles/ha.

кормовая база, однолетние культуры, сорта, сроки посева, урожайность, корм, зеленая масса, forage base, annual crops, varieties, sowing terms, yield, feed, green mass

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