Effect of chemical plant protection products on yield and grain quality of winter wheat in the conditions of Central Non-Chernozem region of Russia

Relevance. The use of phytosanitary means to ensure high and stable yields of winter wheat is one of the tasks of growing winter wheat. Field experiments were conducted in 2021 and 2022 at the Federal Research Center “Nemchinovka” in the central non-chernozem zone of the Moscow region.
Methods. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of various plant protection preparations on the productivity and quality of winter wheat varieties by intensity levels: basic (the purpose of using the biological potential of the variety by more than 50%), intensive (involving the use of intensive varieties and the creation of conditions for a more complete realization of their biological potential) and high–intensity (a set of measures aimed at ensuring the realization of the potential of the variety is more than 85%). Treatments included fertilizers, pesticides and growth regulators in various combinations and concentrations. 
Results. Three varieties of winter wheat were studied: Nemchinovskaya 85, Moskovskaya 40 and Moskovskaya 27. Insecticides (Picus 1.0 l/t, Danadim Power 0.6 l/ha, Picus 1.0 l/t + Danadim Power 0.6 l/ha, Picus 1.0 l/t + Vantex 60 ml/ha, Picus 1.0 l/t + Vincit forte 1.5 l/t and Picus 0.7 l/t + Vantex 50 ml/ha), fungicides (Impact Exclusive 0.75 l/ha, Alto Super 0.5 l/ha, Consul, CS 0.8 l/ha + Consul 1.0 l/ha and Consul, CS 0.8 l/ha), herbicides (Aton 0.06 kg/ha + Agroxon 0.5 l/ha + Foxtrot 1.0 l/ha, Exactly Extra 35 g/ha + Foxtrot 1.0 l/ha + Agroxon 0.5 l/ha, Tandem 0.03 kg/ha + Foxtrot 1.0 l/ha, Tandem 30 g/ha + Foxtrot Extra 0.4 l/ha + Agroxon 0.5 l/ha and Lintur 180 g/ha) have confirmed their effectiveness. Nemchinovskaya 85 increased yield by 1.14–3.10 t/ha, Moscow 27 — by 0.64–3.62 t/ha, Moscow 40 — 0,71–3,21 t/ha. 

1. Voronov S.I., Vlasova O.I., Shtyrkhunov V.D., Govorkova S.B., Savinov E.V. The effect of growth regulators with retardant properties on the growth and development of winter wheat. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2022; 843(1): 012022. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/843/1/012022

2. Pleskachev Yu.N., Sarychev A.N. Water safety and productivity of winter wheat in various cultivation technologies in the forest band affection zone. Proceedings of Lower Volga Agro-University Complex: Science and Higher Education. 2017; (2): 111–118 (In Russian). https://www.elibrary.ru/zrtdcx

3. Grădilă M., Jalobă D., Vasile N. Researches regarding weed control in winter wheat in the context of climate changes. Lucrări Ştiinţifice. Seria Agronomie. 2018; 61(2): 175‒180.

4. Spengler R.N. Agriculture in the Central Asian Bronze Age. Journal of World Prehistory. 2015; 28(3): 215–253. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10963-015-9087-3

5. Zhou X. et al. 5,200-year-old cereal grains from the eastern Altai Mountains redate the trans-Eurasian crop exchange. Nature Plants. 2020; 6(2): 78–87. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-019-0581-y

6. Zyukin D.A., Pronskaya O.N., Golovin A.A., Belova T.V. Prospects for increasing exports of Russian wheat to the world market. Amazonia Investiga. 2020; 9(28): 346–355. https://doi.org/10.34069/AI/2020.28.04.39

7. Hawkesford M.J. et al. Prospects of doubling global wheat yields. Food and Energy Security. 2013; 2(1); 34–48. https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.15

8. Morgounov A. et al. Yield gain due to fungicide application in varieties of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) resistant and susceptible to leaf rust. Crop and Pasture Science. 2015; 66(7): 649‒659. https://doi.org/10.1071/CP14158

9. Xia R., Schaafsma A.W., Wu F., Hooker D.C. The Change in Winter Wheat Response to Deoxynivalenol and Fusarium Head Blight Through Technological and Agronomic Progress. Plant Disease. 2021; 105(4): 840‒850. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-06-20-1310-RE

10. Bolanos-Carriel C., Wegulo S.N., Baenziger P.S., Funnell-Harris D., Hallen-Adams H.E., Eskridge K.M. Effects of fungicide chemical class, fungicide application timing, and environment on Fusarium head blight in winter wheat. European Journal of Plant Pathology. 2020; 158(3): 667–679. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10658-020-02109-3

11. Shcatula Yu.M. Assessment of the effectiveness of the application of technological elements in the growing of winter wheat. Polish Journal of Science. 2020; (25–1): 12‒21 (In Ukrainian). https://www.elibrary.ru/jyrzdu

12. Sokólski M., Jankowski K.J., Załuski D., Szatkowski A. Productivity, Energy and Economic Balance in the Production of Different Cultivars of Winter Oilseed Rape. A Case Study in North-Eastern Poland. Agronomy. 2020; 10(4): 508. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10040508

13. Lavrinova V.A., Polunina T.S., Gusev I.V. autumn application of herbicides in crops of winter wheat in the conditions of the central black region. Agrarian science. 2019; (S2): 145‒149 (In Russian). https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2019-326-2-145-149

14. Yuan W.-l., Xu B., Ran G.-c., Chen H.-p., Zhao P.-y., Huang Q.-l. Application of imidacloprid controlled-release granules to enhance the utilization rate and control wheat aphid on winter wheat. Journal of Integrative Agriculture. 2020; 19(12): 3045–3053. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2095-3119(20)63240-3

15. Rebouh N.Ya., Polityko P.M., Kapranov V.N., Fedorischev V.N., Garmasch N.Yu., Atmachyan G.P. Impact of cultivation technologies on yield and grain quality of winter wheat Triticum aestivum L. in Moscow region. RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal Industries. 2020; 15(2): 113‒122. https://doi.org/10.22363/2312-797X-2020-15-2-113-122