Theoretical research of the working element of the machine for storing phyto-sorting cleaning of salad plantings

Relevance. In the context of the current sanctions policy, as well as within the framework of the federal scientific and technical program for the development of agriculture and its subprogram for the development of potato breeding and seed production in the Russian Federation until 2030, the issue of providing breeding and seed farms with a sufficient number of technical means for carrying out breeding work, in particular, high-automation machines for cultivar. Currently, no machines for carrying out these operations are manufactured in Russia, and foreign machines have a low level of automation and high requirements for the qualifications of operators working on them, on the basis of which an automated potato peeling machine with a digging working body equipped with buckets (forks) is proposed.

The purpose of the research is a theoretical substantiation of the technical and technological parameters of the working bodies of a machine for cultivating potato and vegetable crops. Methods. The study assessed the force generated during the deepening and extraction of actuators of different designs, using methods of mathematical modeling of the operation of the excavation device in order to determine the forces acting on the mechanism.

Results. In the course of the research, the main forces acting on the mechanism of the digging device during its operation were determined, as well as the influence of the designs of the buckets under consideration on the force of their deepening into the soil. The maximum values of the deepening force for an excavator-type bucket are 1500 N, and for a fork-shaped bucket 420 N, which allows us to determine the rational parameters of the digging mechanism, which should be equipped with two hydraulic cylinders creating a force of at least 1500 N for each bucket, and one hydraulic cylinder with a force of at least 750 N for extracting buckets with soil and plants.

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