Dynamics of dairy productivity of cows by lactation, depending on the degree of inbreeding

Currently, agricultural enterprises in the Sverdlovsk region have already concentrated a large number of inbred cows, which range from 60 to 90% of the total number with a degree of inbreeding of “moderate” and “remote”. It was found that cows obtained as a result of close inbreeding used 6 lactation, close inbreeding — 7, moderate — 5, distant — 11 lactation, outbred — 9 lactation. Milk yield in cows of all groups varied by lactation, increasing with age by 546–944 kg (5.9% and 10.9%, respectively), which is the most significant increase in groups depending on age. In all groups, an increase in milk yield during the second lactation was recorded relative to the first. Further, from the second to the third lactation, there is an increase in milk yield (180–320 kg) in cows with close, close, moderate and distant inbreeding. After reaching physiological maturity, in groups of cows of different types of selection and degree of inbred (3–4 lactation), milk yield decreases with fluctuations in one direction or another. Holstein cows, regardless of the type of selection and the degree of inbreeding, exhibit a natural increase in milk yield during the second lactation, however, in the range of 5.9–10.9%, which is explained by the dominant milk productivity and the creation of favorable conditions for animals to display their genetic potential after the first lactation. No changes in milk quality have been found depending on age and degree of inbreeding.

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