Pig breeding development in the North-Western Federal District in the context of reforms

The article analyzes the development of pig farming at various stages of agricultural reform a comparison of trends in Russia and the Northwestern Federal District (NWFD) shows that in adverse climatic conditions, small farms can only exist with active cooperation with large and medium-sized enterprises. The policy of transition to farming in 1990 led to the simultaneous liquidation of pig farms and fattening in small farms. With the restoration of industrial pig farming in 2007–2013, production in small farms also increased. In the northern regions, the goal of restoring large enterprises was to achieve self-sufficiency in meat, in the western regions it was to attract investment and form agricultural holdings. In the northern zone, industrial pig farming was restored for a short period and stopped developing after the reduction of state support for regional programs. After 2018, when self-sufficiency in pork was achieved (according to the National Union of Pig Breeders), competition between pig agricultural holdings increased. “Velikoluksky Pig Breeding Complex” LLC becomes a monopolist in the Northwestern Federal District. Independent pig farms are being displaced primarily from the northern territories.

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