Innovative technologies based on Big Data for the transformation of agriculture: opportunities and challenges of digitalization in the agroindustrial complex

The article is devoted to the analysis of the prospects for applying Big Data technologies for the digital transformation of the agro-industrial complex. Key directions for introducing innovations based on Big Data in agriculture are examined, including precision farming, smart farms, crop monitoring, and equipment management. a conceptual analysis of scientific literature was conducted, revealing a growing interest among researchers in this topic amid discrepancies in terminology and methodology. The relevance of developing comprehensive approaches to studying and practically utilizing the potential of Big Data in the agricultural sector is justified. The empirical base includes the results of a survey of 350 agricultural enterprise managers from 12 regions of Russia and the analysis of data sets from 30 smart farms during the years 2019–2023. The use of statistical analysis methods, machine learning, and process modeling has helped identify key trends, barriers, and growth points for digitalization based on Big Data in the studied industry. It was established that about 80% of respondents note a positive impact from implementing Big Data solutions on economic indicators, although the level of digital maturity remains low. a conceptual model for the phased transition of agricultural enterprises to platform-based business models and data-driven culture is proposed. The results have theoretical and practical value for developing the methodology for the digital transformation of agriculture and for crafting industry strategies based on innovative data-driven approaches.

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