Efficiency of selection of maternal lines of Cornish and Plymouth Rock breeds in the Smena breeding center
https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2025-396-07-101-106
Abstract
Relevance. Improving the breeding and productive qualities of poultry is possible by improving existing lines, developing new lines and creating crosses of poultry with high genetic potential, realizing this potential in regions with different climatic and economic conditions.
Methods. A scientific study was conducted to assess the economically significant traits of the maternal lines of the Cornish and Plymouth Rock breeds in the process of targeted selection in the production conditions of the “Smena” breeding and genetic center.
Results. Targeted selection work with the initial lines for live weight of young animals at an early age allowed to increase this indicator at the age of 35 days in the Cornish and Plymouth Rock breeds in cockerels by 16.7% and 23.2%, hens — 15.2% and 21.5%. Over 5 generations of selection of poultry of maternal lines of both the Cornish and Plymouth Rock breeds, the muscling of the breast was improved by 5.1–3.2%, the muscling of the legs — by 2.5–5.8%, respectively, for the breeds. In the process of selection work with meat hens of the maternal lines of the Cornish and Plymouth Rock breeds, an increase in egg production was noted both for 30 and 52 weeks of life by 2.5–8.9%, the yield of hatching eggs — by 1.2–2.1%. At the age of 30 weeks, the hatchability of eggs from hens of the maternal lines of the Cornish and Plymouth Rock breeds was within the range of 83.8% (Cornish) — 85.6% (Plymouth Rock). The results of the studies showed that the productivity of the maternal lines of the Cornish and Plymouth Rock breeds of the “Smena 9” cross is high.
About the Authors
Zh. V. Emanuilova
Center for Genetics & Selection “Smena” is a branch of the Federal State Budget Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Center “All-Russian Research and Technological Poultry Institute”
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Zhanna Vladimirovna Emanuylova, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Chief Zootechnician-breeder
117 Bereznyaki, Sergiev Posad Urban District, Moscow Region, 141357
A. V. Egorova
2Federal Scientific Center “All-Russian Research and Technological Poultry Institute”
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Anna Vasilyevna Egorova, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Chief Researcher, Head of the Laboratory of Selection, Breeding of Meat and Egg Poultry, Department of Genetics and Selection
10 Ptitsegradskaya Str., Sergiev Posad, Moscow region, 141311
References
1. Buyarov V.S., Roiter Ya.S., Kavtarashvili A.Sh., Chervonova I.V., Buyarov A.V. Assessment of breeding qualities of agricultural poultry of productivity meat direction (review). Bulletin of agrarian science. 2019; (3): 30–38 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.15217/issn2587-666X.2019.3.30
2. Galpern I.L. Selection-genetic problems of development of egg and meat-type poultry production in XXI century. Genetics and animal breeding. 2015; (3): 22–29 (in Russian). https://www.elibrary.ru/unsqwz
3. Cherepanov S.V. Current Problems of Poultry Selection in Russia. Ptitsevodstvo. 2018; (9): 2–4 (in Russian). https://www.elibrary.ru/skawbn
4. Khoroshevskaya L.V., Gorlov I.F. Factors of successful work with breeding livestock of meat breeds. Veterinary medicine. 2017; (3): 54–56 (in Russian). https://www.elibrary.ru/yoabyl
5. Fedorova E.S., Stanishevskaya O.I., Dementieva N.V. Current state and problems of poultry breeding in Russia (review). Agricultural Science Euro-North-East. 2020; 21(3): 217–232 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.30766/2072-9081.2020.21.3.217-232
6. Sermyagin А.A., Zinovieva N.А. Perspectives for using the estimated breeding value in Russian broiler chicken to improve economically important traits (review). Genetics and breeding of animals. 2018; (2): 20–28 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.31043/2410-2733-2018-2-20-28
7. Yakovlev A.F., Dementieva N.V. Evaluation of the genome in bird breeding. Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding. 2017; 21(7): 770–777 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.18699/VJ17.298
8. Bychaev A.G. Selection methods in breeding poultry. Izvestiya Saint-Petersburg State Agrarian University. 2022; (2): 125–133 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.24412/2078-1318-2022-2-125-133
9. Emanuylova Zh.V., Komarov A.A., Egorova A.V., Efimov D.N. Parental forms and broilers selected by the Center for Genetics & Selection “Smena”. Agrarian science. 2020; (4): 16–19 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2020-337-4-16-19
10. Emanuylova Zh.V., Egorova A.V., Efimov D.N., Komarov A.A. New highly productive russian cross of broiler chicken “Smena 9”. Agrarian science. 2021; (7–8): 33–36 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2021-351-7-8-33-36
11. Rehletskaya E.K., Dymkov A.B. A Selection Technique Increasing the Meat Productivity in Broilers. Ptitsevodstvo. 2021; (4): 18–21 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.33845/0033-3239-2021-70-4-18-21
12. Emanuylova Zh.V., Egorova A.V., Efimov D.N., Komarov A.A. Percentage of eggs suitable for incubation in maternal preparental lines of broiler breeders selected at the Center for Genetics & Selection “Smena”. Ptitsevodstvo. 2023; (6): 4–10 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.33845/0033-3239-2023-72-6-4-10
13. Rehleckaya E.K., Dymkov A.B., Lazarets L.N., Maltsev A.B. New method of poultry selection. Genetics and breeding of animals. 2021; (1): 61–66 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.31043/2410-2733-2021-1-61-66
14. Zabudsky Yu.I. Reproductive function in hybrid poultry. III. An impact of breeder flock age. Agricultural Biology. 2016; 51(4): 436–449. https://doi.org/10.15389/agrobiology.2016.4.436eng
Review
For citations:
Emanuilova Zh.V., Egorova A.V. Efficiency of selection of maternal lines of Cornish and Plymouth Rock breeds in the Smena breeding center. Agrarian science. 2025;(7):101-106. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2025-396-07-101-106
Views:
21
Email this article 