Agrotechnical techniques and criteria for the adaptation of hazelnuts (Corylus avellana L.) in the foothills of Dagestan

The article presents the results of research on the optimization of agricultural techniques for cultivating the Ata-baba hazelnut variety in the conditions of the southeastern foothill subprovince of Dagestan. It was established that the optimal load for a bush is 8–10 skeletal shoots, which ensures a yield of 2.3 kg per bush (1.15 t/ha). The advantage of a standard (tree-like) formation over the traditional bush form was demonstrated: yield with the standard form reached 1.6 t/ha compared to 0.9 t/ha with the bush form, representing an almost two-fold increase. An assessment of the agroclimatic resources of the subprovince was conducted, confirming the feasibility of sustainable cultivation of the crop, although a risk of damage to male inflorescences by late spring frosts was noted. Based on the analysis, criteria for evaluating the technological suitability and adaptability of hazelnut varieties were developed. A promising research program for studying introduced varieties has been defined. The results of the work are of practical importance for the development of commercial nut farming in the region. 

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