Studying the influence of different methods of blooding on the growth and development of plants of potato, depending on variety specialties

Abstract

Studies aimed at studying the fertility indicators of the arable layer of the soil depending on the use of green manure fumes in potato cultivation were carried out in a stationary experiment (2014-2016) based on the Yakutsk Research Institute of Agriculture. Three types of sideral vapors were taken as objects of study: oats for plowing - potatoes - potatoes, sweet clover - clover for plowing-potatoes, peaoats mixture for plowing - potatoes - potatoes, potatoes for potatoes, and two layers of soil: 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm. As a control option was used in the cultivation of potatoes in monoculture. It was revealed that the inclusion of green manure crops in the crop rotation link has a positive effect on the phosphate and potash regimes of the soil. The content of humus in a layer of 0-10 cm of soil increases with the cultivation of potatoes after green manure crops, both in a layer of 0-10 cm and in a layer of 10-20 cm. When growing potatoes in a monoculture, the difference is 0.16% in a layer of 0-10 cm and 0.27% in a layer of 10-20 cm. Thus, cultivation of potatoes with the inclusion of green manure crops forms an arable layer with an upper location of the fertile horizon. In the layer of 10-20 cm, there is a decrease in the content of mobile phosphorus and exchangeable potassium and their degree of mobility, as well as the content of humic substances and the biological activity of the soil.