The resistance of varieties and lines of winter wheat to simulated in the laboratory conditions of water stress

In the course of the study (2011-2018), the stability of winter wheat varieties and lines was assessed by the reaction of plants to water stress and their ability to mobilize protective mechanisms was determined. The results indicate a high toxic effect on plants waterlogging, which is manifested in depression of seedlings, rotting and seed death. On the backgrounds of exposure to this stress identified samples, clearly reacting to excessive waterlogging. The main diagnostic indicator of this method is the germination of seeds in the conditions of their artificial flooding, which, like germination and infection with diseases, is largely determined by weather conditions. Analysis of the formation of winter wheat seeds during the study period showed that hydrothermal conditions were favorable, except for 2013 (rains during harvesting), and germination ranged from 94 to 96 %, in 2013 - 90 %. A longterm study of the spectrum of pathogens of seed infection of winter wheat revealed a pathogenic complex represented by the genera Fusarium, Penicillium, Trichothecium, Aspergillus, Alternaria, Cladosporium and Rhyzopus, of which the most common and dangerous is Fusarium. Germination is largely determined by the level of Fusarium infection, which over the years of research (2001-2018) did not exceed 9 %. On the background of anaerobic stress have been revealed the cultivars with the long-term and sustainable response to prolonged waterlogging, among them - Nemchinovskya 17, Nemchinovskya 24, and Moskovskaya 39. High capacity of resistance to hypoxia is characterized by lines and to a lesser extent prone to depression - Eritrospermum 3512/10 (Ital.988 x Pamyati Fedina), MV Abigel x Moscovskaya 39, (Soldier x Moscovskaya 39) x Moscovskaya 56, Erythrospermum 689/16 (Nemchinovskaya 17 x Moscovskaya 39), etc.

сорта, линии, озимая пшеница, водный стресс, затопление, прорастаемость, всхожесть, фузариоз, varieties, lines, winter wheat, water stress, flooding, germination, germination, Fusarium