Agrolandscapes and agroecology of eastern siberia as factors of immunity of agricultural cultures to diseases and pests

Actual problem in ensuring food security of the country are improving the sustainability of crops to pests and diseases and adaptive-integrated protection of agrocenoses and crops from pests. In order to identify the spatial distribution of biological and environmental patterns of immunity, creating a healthy crop habitat agrolandscape-ecological zoning of fodder agroecosystems of the East-Siberian natural-economic region was performed. The zoning was carried out using materials of agroclimatic, natural-agricultural, landscape-ecological, soil-ecological, biogeochemical zoning, landscape, ecological, ecological-geographical, soil and geobotanical maps, data of state land accounting, stock materials, statistics of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation and the Federal State Statistics Service. Used the results of the previous zoning of natural grasslands of the country, stock materials of All-Russian Williams Fodder Research Institute and Federal Land Cadastre Service of Russia. On the territory of the East Siberian natural and economic region allocated 136 units of zoning, including 11 large (Arctic, Arktotundrovaya zones, Tundra and Forest tundra, of Northern taiga, of Middle taiga, of Southern taiga, Deciduous-forest zone, Forest steppe, Steppe and Dry steppe zones and Mountain areas), 34 medium (22 plains and 12 mountainous provinces) and 91 small (49 plains and 42 mountainous districts). Agricultural land occupies 25 million hectares, or 6% of the area, including hayfields and pastures 16.3 million hectares (3.5 million hectares of grasslands and 12.8 million hectares of pasture), or about 4% of the area and 66 % of the agricultural land. Negative processes that degrade the quality of lands of the East Siberian are: 1) eroding (20% of arable land, 9% pastures are erosion dangerous, 31% of arable land, 12% pastures are deflation danger; 2) overwetting (10% of hayfields, 4% pastures); 3) waterlogging (11% of hayfields, 6% pastures); 5) stoniness land (7% of arable land, 2% of hayfields, 24% pastures).

агроландшафты, кормовые угодья, Восточная Сибирь, рациональное природопользование, agrolandscapes, natural grasslands, East Siberia, environmental management