Phenotyping and genotyping of introgressive forms and spring wheat varieties and emmer wheat for resistance to diseases under north fezakhstan conditions

Within the program framework of the MA RK 0.0722 “Creation and implementation of cereal varieties with genetically identified stress-indicator properties based on molecular breeding, genomics and biotechnology....” in the harvest of 2015-2018 studied: a) “Emmer” block, including 6 synthetic forms of the breeder Kozhakhmetov K. (Almaty), 2 emmer varieties “Gramme” and “Pharaon” by the breeder Temirbekova S. (Moscow) and 2 common wheat varieties “Diva” and “Umai”, breeder Kushnir U. (Israel) 2 standard; b) synthetics (19 + 3 standards) and c) advanced nursery samples of wide hybridization (11). The resistance to brown rust was established (0- 5%) for varieties of emmer and wheat Diva and Umai [Lr46], as well as introgressive spring forms 6625 x T.timopheevii and Kazakhstanskaya 10 x T.dicoccum. The CVT block consisted of resistant forms with a lesion of no higher than 15% relative to the Kazakhstanskaya 10 cultivars standard (10-75%) and the presence of the Lr14 Lr46 genes, plus Lr34 for 6625 x T.timopheevii-12 and Lr68 for 6628 x T.militinae, 6628 x T.timopheevii, 6569 x T.militinae-1,2. Comprehensive resistance to two types of rust had varieties of emmer Pharaon and wheat Diva, Umai (0-5%). Of the spring wheat samples, obtained from crossing with wild relatives, 6625x T.timopheevii distinguished themselves by complex resistance, with standard varieties up to 100%. Synchronously, the stability is marked by a series of decreasing yields: Diva (4.4 q/ha) > Umai = Gremme = Kazakhstanskaya 10 x T.kiharae> 6625 x T.timopheevii (3.84.0 q/ha) in the emmer block; VEK (3.5-5.1 q/ha)> 6625 x T.timopheevii-9 (3.2-4.7 q/ha) > Gunticum (3.1-4.8 q/ha) in the CVT block.

интрогрессивные линии, пшеница, полба, устойчивость к болезням, Lr гены, introgressive lines, wheat, emmer, resistance to diseases, Lr genes