Phytomonitoring of collection medical plants

The article presents phytomonitoring data that are useful both for understanding the conditions for the formation of disease foci and their active distribution in plantings of medicinal plants, and for making decisions about the care and maintenance of collection plants, for carrying out seasonal work to improve them and preserve useful qualities. The purpose of the work is to assess the phytopathological situation in the collection plantings of medicinal plants to obtain high-quality medicinal raw materials. Phytomonitoring of collection plantings of medicinal plants was carried out on the territory of the Main Botanical Garden n.a. N.V. Tsitsina RAS (MBG) and All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (VILAR) (Central Non-Chernozem Region, Moscow). The phytopathogenic situation was evaluated for 156 species of cultivated medicinal plants, the nature of weediness and the dominant of 65 species of weeds in the structure of agro(phyto) cenosis were determined: Ambrozia artemisiifolia (22%), Setaria viridis (17%), Taraxacum officinale (17%), Veronica repens (14%), Festuca pratensis (14%), Plantago major (10%). Classical methods of microbiology determine the structure and composition of the complex of fungi on the leaves of medicinal plants selected in the collections: MBG - Alternaria spp., Chaetomium spp., Fusarium avenaceum, Fusarium solani, Fusarium spp., Heterosporium iridis, Phoma spp., Stemphylium spp., Verticillium spp.; VILAR - Alternaria spp., Botrytis spp., Cladosporium spp., Fusarium avenaceum, Fusarium spp., Peronospora spp., Phoma spp., Pullularia spp., Septoria spp. The seasonality of occurrence in terms of the frequency of occurrence of fungi of different genera on collection medicinal plants was established: maximum represented (with frequency of occurrence above 10%) in spring - Actinomucor sp., Arthrobotrys sp., Aspergillium sp., Clonostachys sp., Pythium sp., Fusarium sp.; in autumn Verticillium sp., Aspergillium sp., Trichoderma sp., Clonostachys sp., Fusarium sp.

лекарственные растения, фитомониторинг диагностика, болезни, микромицеты, сорняки, medicinal plants, phytomonitoring, diagnosis, diseases, micromycetes, weeds