Response of perspective tomato lines to cultural filtrates of alternaria alternata and Fusarium spp. fungus

Abstract

The article presents the peculiarities of the reaction of the perspective tomato lines to the culture filtrates (CF) of the fungi Alternaria alternata and Fusarium spp., based on the germination of seeds, the length of the embryonic root and stalk. The purpose of the research is to identify tomato lines with complex resistance to the most harmful fungal pathogens in the Republic of Moldova. For infection of seeds, culture filtrates of the fungi Alternaria alternata, F. oxysporum, F. solani, isolated from the roots of tomato plants with signs of damage were used. Was revealed a significant differentiation of tomato lines according to the degree of reaction to the used isolates of fungi. It was established that CF in most cases did not significantly affect seed germination. Root growth was most affected by F. oxysporum, and the average values compared with the control varied from -3,5 ... -33,0%. As for the stem, it is most sensitive to pathogens of fungal diseases in the early stages of ontogenesis. Using two-factor analysis of variance, it was found that the genotype had the greatest contribution to the root variability source (46,7%), and the species of fungus for the tomato stalk (62,5%). The genotype x fungi interaction had a significant contribution to the common source of variability, its share for the root was 61,6%, while for the small stalk it was 14,3%. This suggests that the germinal root interacts more strongly with the species Fusarium spp., A. alternata. According to the cluster analysis, Mary Gratefully, L 302, L 304, L 310 have the least sensitivity of the root and stalk to CFs of Alternaria alternata and Fusarium spp., Thus they are of interest in breeding programs as potential donors of sustainability.