Criteria for assessing and selecting camels of Kazakh Bactrian for productivity

Abstract

Relevance. The limiting factor for the development of camel breeding in the Almaty region is the small number of queens and producers. The rotation system of borax-producers is violated, as a result of this the frequency of using moderate and even related mating of camels of reproductive age increases.

Methodos. The object of the study was purebred Kazakh Bactrian of the South Kazakhstan type, bred in Bayserke-Agro LLP of Almaty region.

Results. Effective criteria for evaluating and selecting camels of the Kazakh Bactrian breed have been developed for productivity based on a study of the patterns of growth and development of camels. In the process of evaluating the reproductive ability, shearing of wool and milk productivity of the Kazakh bactrian of the South Kazakhstan type of the main broodstock, a wide range of variation of the studied characters was revealed. The output of camels for 2018–2020 varied from 40% to 50%. The safety of the camels was 72.7–87.5%. Camels of the main herd on average produce wool from 5.1 kg to 5.6 kg. The average daily milk yield in the third month of lactation was 5.7–5.9 kg. It has been established that for parental couples with a coefficient of hair cut up to 0.8 camels at the age of one year have a hair cut of 2.4 kg, which is significantly lower by 12.5% compared to peers received from parents with a coefficient of hair cut of 0.9–1.4, and 29.2% lower — in comparison with young one-year-olds received from parental couples with a coefficient of hair cut of 1.5 and above. Camels in the post-dairy period, obtained from camels with a fertility index of up to 42%, develop more intensively compared to peers obtained from camels with a fertility index of 42–47%, 47% and higher.