Dynamics of hematological, biochemical, immunological changes in diseases of the digestive system of quail

 Relevance. When domesticated in an unnatural habitat, a limited territorial space, unconventional feeding are the main reasons for a decrease in the natural resistance of the bird’s body. On quail farms, with the technology of keeping poultry significantly different from natural conditions, a complex of lesions of the organ system is observed, with a predominance of lesions of the digestive system.

The aim of the work was to study the clinical and morphological parameters in diseases of the digestive system of quail.

Methods. The object of the study was a bird of the order of quails of the breed “Coturnix coturnix japonica” 30-day post-incubation ontogenesis. The clinical examination of the bird was carried out according to the generally accepted scheme. The slaughter and bleeding of poultry was carried out in compliance with the International Principles of the Helsinki Declaration “On the humane treatment of animals.” To determine the hematological and biochemical parameters of birds, according to the principle of analogues, they were divided into groups: control — clinically healthy birds (n = 15); experience — clinical manifestations of poultry disease (n = 15). In  postmortem examination, the organs were dissected with subsequent extraction from the cavity and a visual assessment of color and consistency was carried out, the absolute weight (g), linear measurements (cm) were determined. The experimental data were subjected to statistical processing by a generally accepted method using the Statistika program for PC Microsoft Excel 2007.

Results. In pathological examination, most often the signs were localized in the tissues and organs of the digestive system. The presence of a syndrome of gastrointestinal diseases was characterized by an increase in the total number of leukocytes, eosinophils, pseudo-eosinophils; lymphocytes, monocytes, a decrease in total protein, glucose, an increase in urea, alkaline phosphatase. A decrease in the lysozyme and bactericidal activity of blood serum, as well as a decrease in the phagocytic activity of leukocytes, was established. 

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