Breeding of sunflower lines resistant to race G of Broomrape

Abstract

Relevance. Over the past decades, new and extremely virulent races have appeared in the southern regions of the Russian Federation, which overcame the resistance of domestic and foreign sunflower range of varieties. The most effective, long-term, and biologically safe way to protect sunflower from broomrape is to develop varieties and hybrids resistant to new races.
Methods. We identified broomrape seeds of race G using internationally accepted differentiator lines: Record 1-3 (C), S-1358 (D), P-1380 (E), LC1093 and P96 (F). We used sunflower lines and hybrids of the breeding of V.S. Pustovoit All-Russian Research Institute of Oil Crops as a parent material. We carried out the evaluation of broomrape resistance by the method of A.Ya. Panchenko. To develop an infectious background, we introduced seeds of broomrape race G into boxes with a soil and sand mixture at the rate of 200 mg per 1 kg of the mixture, distributing them evenly. We grew sunflower 
plants at a temperature of 25-27 °С and a 16-hour photoperiod. In 25-30 days after the emergence if seedlings, we dug up plants and counted the broomrape specimens on their roots by a scale.
Results. We developed sunflower lines resistant to races of broomrape from A to G. All of them are of branched form, with different lengths of the period from germination to flowering, they differ in height and oil content. The line L 82 is distinguished by a high content of oleic acid in oil — 91%. The lines have a high combinability. We obtained experimental hybrid combinations using these lines.