Aspects of the differentiated formation of a system of machines for various technologies of harvesting technical hemp

Relevance. As a result of the prohibition of technical hemp cultivation due to the fight against narcotic plants in 1980, the development of technologies and the production of technical means for the cultivation of hemp, the acreage of the crop was sharply reduced. One of the ways to ensure greater efficiency and competitiveness of drugsfree hemp products is to increase the level of technical equipment of the industry, the use of science-based intensive technologies and systems of high-performance energy-saturated machines.

Methods. The methodological approaches of leading scientists involved in the cultivation of technical hemp, the development of innovative technologies and systems of promising machines for the hemp growing industry together with machine-building plants were applied.

Results. A scientifically based system of machines for harvesting technical hemp using high-performance energy-saturated technical means has been formed: combine harvesters and hemp harvesters, innovative stripping headers, rotary cutters with wear-resistant cutting elements, modern tractors, balers, loaders, transporters. Production tests in hemp farms have shown that the use of a new system of machines not only increases the intensity of hemp harvesting, but also completely eliminates manual labor, reduces the agrotechnical harvesting time, improves the quality of hemp seed threshing up to 95% and reduces seed losses, increases the yield of stems with 2.2 to 4 t/ha and the quality of hemp trust — per 1 variety. It is assumed that the use of modern machines will not only increase the intensity of harvesting, but also completely eliminate manual labor, reduce agrotechnical deadlines, improve the quality of threshing of the seed part to 95% and reduce seed losses, as well as increase the quality of hemp trusts by 1 variety number. It is expected that due to the use of new technical solutions, the productivity of harvesting equipment will increase by up to 50% compared to the outdated one, the costs of growing cannabis will decrease, the quality and competitiveness of products will increase. Serial production of hemp harvesting machines requires additional scientific research and organization of their production.

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