Immunotropic preparations of the PigStim series in ensuring the reproductive and productive qualities of pigs

Relevance. One of the unsolved problems of modern industrial pig breeding remains the problem of preserving the health and realizing the reproductive potential of the breeding stock. In the light of the above, it seems promising to develop, test and introduce into practical veterinary medicine new therapeutic and preventive means that ensure the preservation of health, the actualization of productive and reproductive qualities of animals, the use of which would be economically feasible.
Methods. To set up the experiment, 30 heads of suckling sows were selected on the 15th day after the first farrowing. The selected sows were divided into 3 groups based on the breed, reproductive qualities and reproductive health according to the principle of pairs-analogues.
Results. It was found that intramuscular injection at a dose of 5 ml per head on the 15th, 20th and 25^th days after farrowing of the immunotropic drug PigStim-C to animals of the 1st experimental group, and PigStim-M — to animals of the 2nd experimental group contributes to: reducing the period from weaning to the manifestation of phenomenon of heat and the onset of the optimal period for insemination by 4.5–9.1%; an increase in the fertility of insemination from 90% in the control group to 100%; an improvement in the multiplicity of sows by 8.1–8.6% and a decrease in the number of stillborn piglets by 16.7–33.3%; reducing the number of sows with prolonged farrowing by 2–3 times and, as a result, reducing the occurrence of postpartum pathologies of the reproductive organs, such as metritis-mastitis-agalactia syndrome, as well as to increase the effectiveness of therapeutic measures if pathologies occur; reducing the incidence of young pigs received from these sows during the next farrowing by 36.8–41.5%, an increase in their livability by 1.45–2.97% and an increase in live weight at the end of the growing period by 0.16–0.18 kg, at the end of rearing — by 1.1–1.22 kg, and when removed from fattening — by 3.6–4.0 kg.

1. Shichkin G.I., Lebedev S.V., Kostyuk R.V., Shishkin D.G. Beef production: state and prospects. Dairy and beef cattle breeding. 2021; 8: 2-5. DOI 10.33943/MMS.2021.33.85.001. eLIBRARY ID: 47635347. EDN: XOFVCT. (In Russian)

2. Prokopieva M., Nesterova О., Sereda N. On the use of feed supplements in the system of livestock technological modernization. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Cheboksary). 2020; 604: 012022. DOI 10.1088/1755-1315/604/1/012022. eLIBRARY ID: 45091922. EDN: JYBHHN.

3. Ignatieva N.L., Nemtseva Е.Yu. Protein content in milk of holstein black-and-white cows. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Cheboksary) 2020;604: 012025. DOI 10.1088/1755-1315/604/1/012025. eLIBRARY ID: 45096469. EDN: IXHRWL.

4. Voronova I.V., Ignatieva N.L., Nemtseva E.Yu. Modern feeding aspects of dairy cows. Bulletin of the Ulyanovsk State Agricultural Academy. 2021; 1 (53): 164-169. DOI 10.18286/1816-4501-2021-1-164-169. eLIBRARY ID: 45610403. EDN: PYYJHR. (In Russian)

5. Sereda N.V., Prokopyeva M.V., Nesterova O.P. The influence of biological products on the meat productivity of farm animals. Veterinary medicine. 2020; 6: 42-46. DOI 10.30896/0042-4846.2020.23.6.42-46. eLIBRARY ID: 43045376. EDN RFQKTZ. (In Russian)

6. Ignatieva N.L., Voronova I.V., Nemtseva E.Yu., Toboev G.M. Use of Holstein bulls in improvement of black pied cattle. IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science (Cheboksary). 2021; 935: 012025. DOI 10.1088/1755-1315/935/1/012025. eLIBRARY ID: 47544729. EDN: NCUCYY.

7. Sheveleva O.M., Bakharev A.A., Shatunov S.V. Productive and breeding qualities of Salers cattle in the conditions of the Northern Trans-Urals. Bulletin of the Michurinsk State Agrarian University. 2021; 2(65): 109-114. eLIBRARY ID: 46151215. EDN: FOOOSN. (In Russian)

8. Zyryanova S.V., Abramova M.V., Ilyina A.V., Konovalov A.V. Monitoring of breeding and genetic characteristics of productive traits of cattle. Dairy and beef cattle breeding. 2021; 8: 19-23. DOI 10.33943/MMS.2021.46.39.005. eLIBRARY ID: 47635352. EDN: TLBDIA. (In Russian)

9. Mkrtchyan G.V., Bakai F.R., Bogdanova T.V. Genetic correlations between economically useful traits in cows of different generations. Zootechny. 2021; 12: 4-7. DOI 10.25708/ZT.2021.24.30.002. eLIBRARY ID: 47318132. EDN: GAQZZN. (In Russian)

10. Garkovenko A. V., Radchenko V.V., Ilnitskaya E.V., et al. Polymorphism of cattle microsatellite complexes. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research. 2018; 10 (6): 1545-1551. eLIBRARY ID: 35755912. EDN: YBYWXB.

11. Sheveleva O.M., Bakharev A.A. Recommendations on the technology of beef cattle breeding. Tyumen: Tyumen State Agricultural Academy. 2012. p. 40. eLIBRARY ID: 43319712. EDN: XWFCGY. (In Russian)

12. Bakharev A.A., Sheveleva O.M., Fomintsev K.A., et al. Biotechnological characteristics of meat cattle breeds in the Tyumen region. Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research. 2018; 10 (9): 2383-2390. eLIBRARY ID: 38645820. EDN: GYEGGS.

13. Berribe M.J., Carignano H.A., Lopez-Villalobos N., Poli M.A., Roldan D.L. QTL detection for fat yield on BTA14 using linkage disequilibrium based methods. 10th World Cong. Genet. Appel. Livest. Prod. Vancouver BC. Communication. 2014; 617.

14. Casas E., Duan Q., Schneider M.J., Shackelford S.D., Wheeier T.L., Cundiff L.V., et all. Polymorphisms in calpastatin and mu-calpain genes are associated with beef iron content. Amin. Genet. 2014; 45: 283-4.

15. Casas E., Hessman B.E., Keele J.W., Ridpath J.F. A gemom-wide as-sociation study for the incidence of persistent bovine viral diarrhea virus infection in cattel. Amin. Genet. 2015; 46: 8-15. doi: 10.1111/age.12239.

16. Hu Z.I., Park C.A., Reecy J.M. Developmental progress and current status of the animal QTLdb. Nucleic Acids Res. 2016; 44: 827-33. doi: 10.1093 / nar / gkv1233.

17. Sheveleva O.M., Chasovshchikova M.A., Bakharev A.A. Polymorphism of microsatellite loci of Hereford cattle. AgroEcoInfo. 2018; 3(33): 44. eLIBRARY ID: 36349963. EDN: YMJHBZ. (In Russian)

18. Alekseev I.A., Volkov A.M., Ivanova R.N., Efimova I.O. The experience of raising calves using the probiotic sporobacterin. Agrarian Bulletin of the Urals. 2015; 2(132): 12-15. eLIBRARY ID: 23675595. EDN: TYCKSB. (In Russian)