Evaluation of the use of silicon and iron nanoform for pre-sowing treatment of Pisum sativum seeds

   Relevance. Modern plant growing technologies are associated with the use of nanoparticles for pre-sowing seed treatment. The article presents the results of studying the effect of pre-sowing treatment of Pisum sativum seeds with solutions of iron and silicon nanooxides on the germination, viability and yield of plants in the conditions of the Southern Ural.

   Methods. For pre-sowing treatment of seeds, solutions of nanoparticles of SiO₂ and Fe₃O₄ were used at a concentration of 10^–2, 10^–3 and 10^–4 mg/l, as well as a solution of mixture of two oxides. Cell viability was assessed by the method of Vijayaraghavaraddy, superoxide dismutase activity was determined by Giannopolitis and Ries, catalase, lipid peroxidation and malondialdehyde content – by Heath and Packer, and the fractional composition of proteins in seeds – by Chen.

   Results. Determination of the germination of P. sativum showed a significant stimulation of seed germination and an increase in catalase activity when seeds were treated with SiO₂ in two concentrations (up to 83 % and 146 %), Fe₃O₄ (up to 111 %) and Fe₃O₄ + SiO₂ (up to 47 %). A decrease in the content of malonic dialdehyde due to the treatment with SiO₂ and its mixture with Fe₃O₄ (up to 40 %) was noted. Against the background of the use of nanoparticles for pre-sowing seed treatment, the composition of the protein complex changed due to an increase in the pool of albumins by 88 % and a decrease in the content of globulins down to 9,8 %.

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