Evaluation of meat qualities of crossbred young pigs of different breeding

Relevance. To ensure the profitability of production, it is necessary to use certain schemes for crossing pigs of different breeds. Since the choice of the correct crossing scheme can significantly affect the final result. Crossbred animals, due to the effect of heterosis, are superior in productive qualities to the original maternal and paternal breeds. The paper presents an assessment of the meat qualities of local young pigs obtained as a result of industrial three-breed crossing.

Methods. To implement the scientific and economic experience, three groups of sows of pairs-analogues of a large white breed from the company Hypor (KB Hypor) were formed. Sows of the 1st group were crossed with boars of the Landrace breed from PIC (Landrace Pic), the 2nd — with boars of the Landrace breed from Genesus Genetics (Landrace Genesus), the 3rd — with boars of the Landrace breed from Hypor (Landrace Hypor), as a result, two-breed crossbreeds (F1) were obtained. Further, the obtained crossbred sows (F1) of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd experimental groups were crossed with boars of the Duroc breed from Genesus Genetics, as a result, they received commercial young (F2).

Results. The highest pre-slaughter live weight was obtained from animals of the 1st group (125.12 kg). This is more than in the 2nd and 3rd experimental groups, respectively, by 5.8% and 4.0%. Significantly, the highest slaughter weight was in the 1st group (93.51 kg), and the lowest — in the 2nd (87.8 kg). Most of the meat was obtained from animals of the 1st group — 62.85 kg (p ≤ 0.05). This is higher than in the 2nd and 3rd experimental groups, respectively, by 8.2% and 5.9%.

1. Balnikov A.A. Compatibility of sows of new genotypes with boars of specialized breeds of foreign breeding. Youth in science — 2016: materials of the International conference of young scientists. Minsk. National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. 2017; 281–292 (In Russian)

2. Funikov G.A. Morphological composition and meat of pigs of domestic, Canadian and French breeding. Agrarian science. 2020; 7–8: 73–77. (In Russian) https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2020340-7-73-77

3. Berezovsky N.D. Hybridization taking into account the genotype of maternal forms. Prospects for the development of pig breeding in the CIS countries: a collection of scientific papers based on the materials of the XXV International Scientific and Practical Conference. 2018; 13–18 (In Russian)

4. Fayzullin R.A., Sayfutdinov M.R. Some economically useful signs of the pigs of a Large White breed in OOO “Rossyia”. Agrarian science. 2021; (11–12): 56–59. (In Russian) https://doi.org/10.32634/08698155-2021-354-11-12-56-59

5. Rebezov M.B., Topuriya G.M., Topuriya L.Yu., Garshina D.A. Influence of a natural immunostimulator on the natural resistance of the organism of sows. Topical problems of intensive development of animal husbandry. In the collection of scientific papers of the National Scientific and Practical Conference dedicated to the memory of Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor E.P. Vashchekin. 2020; 161–164 (In Russian).

6. Funikov G.A. Slaughter and meat productivity of young pigs of domestic, Canadian and French breeds. Agrarian science. 2020; (5): 60–64. (In Russian) https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2020-3385-60-64

7. Dragoev P., Stoikov A. Economic evaluation of crossbred pigs. Economics and Management of Agriculture. 1998; 43(7): 21–25. (In Russian)

8. Evdokimov N.V. Productive qualities and the effect of heterosis of pigs in industrial crossing. Professional of the year — 2018: collection of articles of the X International scientific and practical competition. 2018; 28–32 (In Russian)

9. Kazantseva N.P., Vasilyeva M.I., Sergeeva I.N. Influence of genotype on the formation of qualitative characteristics of pig meat. Proceedings of Gorsky State Agrarian University. 2020; 57(1): 63–68. (In Russian) eLIBRARY ID: 42572853

10. Tyapugin S.E., Novikov A.A., Suslina E.N., Shichkin D.G., Dunina M.G., Bashmakova N.V. Organization of breeding and breeding work in breeding-genetic and breeding-hybrid centers when using the method of hybridization in pig-breeding. Pigbreeding. 2021; (4): 8–10. (In Russian) https://doi.org/10.37925/0039-713X-2021-4-8-10

11. Titova N.V., Belookov A.A., Belookova O.V., Vakhmyanina S.A., Maksimova R.A. Advantages of feeding pregnant sows with biologically active substances based on folic acid and trace elements. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. 2021; 677: 052082. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/677/5/052082

12. Gritsenko S., Belookov A., Belookova O., Derkho M., Sereda T., Vereshchaga O., Koruhov D., Fedoseeva N. Assessment of blood parameters of pigs of different breeds and its interrelation with lifetime animal performance indicators. International Journal of Advanced Science and Technology. 2020; 29(5s): 1411–1417. eLIBRARY ID: 45520038

13. Permyakov A., Kazmina N., Sadkova Ya., Trebunskikh E., Okolyshev S., Timoshenko Yu. New genotypes in pig hybridization. Animal Husbandry of Russia. 2019; 6: 26–28. (In Russian) https://doi.org/10.25701/ZZR.2019.58.25.009

14. Kopylova E., Verbitsky S., Bodryashova E. Heterosis effect will help. Animal Husbandry of Russia. 2015; (4): 21–26. (In Russian)

15. Gumerov A.B., Belookov A.A., Loretz O.G., Gorelik O.V., Asenova B.K. The milk yield of cows when using probiotic enzyme preparations. Agrarian Bulletin of the Urals. 2018; (4): 5–9. (In Russian) eLIBRARY ID: 35307002