Comparative assessment of the nutritional value of feed from rare silage crops

Relevance. The article is devoted to the study of the nutritional and energy value of feed from perennial rare silage crops — goatʼs rue eastern and pierced leaf sylphia, ways to improve the quality of their silage using low-cost methods of conservation.

Methods. The research was carried out in 2019–2021 at the Gubino agricultural polygon of VNIIMZ (Tver region). Highly productive silage crops were studied: eastern goat, freshly mown eastern goat, plus meadow fescue (60:40%); eastern goat, plus pronzennolistnaya silfia (60:40%); eastern goat, slightly dried; pronzennolistnaya silfia; pronzennolistnaya silfia plus otava eastern goat (60:40%); corn plus from the eastern goat (60:40%); corn (control). The area of the experiment is 6.1 hectares, the placement of options is randomized, in three tiers, the repetition is three-fold, the use is twoaxis.

Results. The preparation of high-quality silage from perennial, uncommon silage crops requires special technological methods: the choice of the vegetation phase in which the culture has the optimal ratio of nutrients, the use of carbohydrate additives, and wilting of the mass. In the course of the research, silage samples from all varieties of crops and grass mixtures were analyzed in a comparative aspect. It was found that the total content of organic acids in the silage was high (1.68– 3.22%). Lactic acid fermentation prevailed in all variants, which ensured the production of silage of the 1st class. The largest share of lactic acid (more than 80%) falls on silage from the eastern goat, silfia pronzennolistnaya and corn. The concentration of the exchange energy was highest in the silage from the eastern goat (11.8 MJ/kg), a mixture of goat and meadow fescue (11.1 MJ/kg), silfia pronzennolistnaya (10.9 MJ/kg) and the joint silage of the silfia with the otava of the goat (10.8 MJ/kg) of dry matter (SV), respectively (the significance of the differences is p < 0.05).

1. Kutuzova A.A., Shpakov A.S., Kosolapov V.M., Teberdiev D.M., Volovik V.T. Current state and potential of forage production in the Non-Chernozem region. Kormoproizvodstvo. 2021; (2): 3–9 (In Russian). https://elibrary.ru/ikjiol

2. Kiryushin V.I. The Management of Soil Fertility and Productivity of Agrocenoses in Adaptive-Landscape Farming Systems. Eurasian Soil Science. 2019; 52(9): 1137–1145. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1064229319070068

3. Udén P. Fresh and ensiled forage plants-total composition, silage losses and the prediction of silage composition from the crop. Grass and Forage Science. 2018; 73(2): 420–431. https://doi.org/10.1111/gfs.12328

4. Kutuzova A.A. et al. Energy efficiency of improved technologies and modern systems of bulk feed production of high quality on haylands of the Non-Chenrozem region. Kormoproizvodstvo. 2021; (7): 3–10 (In Russian). https://elibrary.ru/satprc

5. Kapsamun A.D., Pavlyuchik E.N., Ivanova N.N. Perennial leguminous grasses on drained lands of the Non-Chernozem Region. Tver: Tver State University. 2018; 178 (In Russian). ISBN: 978-5-7609-1388-3 https://elibrary.ru/ynyspb

6. Kutuzova A.A., Provornaya E.E., Tsybenko N.S. Pasture ecosystems of new legume varieties as affected by improved cultivation methods. Kormoproizvodstvo. 2019; (1): 7–11 (In Russian). https://elibrary.ru/yusbzr

7. Tereschenko S.A., Mudrova L.D. Dependence of silage quality on the elements of maize (Zea mays L.) cultivation technology. KSTU News. 2019; 52: 133–142 (In Russian). https://elibrary.ru/yvoafn

8. Crevalari J.A. et al. Phenotypic correlation and path analysis between morphoagronomic and bromatological traits in corn hybrids for silage production. Australian Journal of Crop Science. 2020; 14(12): 1905–1912. https://doi.org/10.21475/ajcs.20.14.12.2721

9. Lou F. et al. Selection of suitable silage maize varieties in the Bijie region based on yield, agronomic and nutritional evaluation. Acta Prataculturae Sinica. 2020; 29(6): 214–224 (In Chinese). https://doi.org/10.11686/cyxb2019485

10. Kosolapov V.M., Bondarev V.A., Akhlamov Yu.D., Nasonova N.P., Georgiadi N.I. (eds.). Conducting experiments on the conservation and storage of bulky feed. Methodological recommendations. Moscow: Russian center for agricultural consulting. 2008; 67 (In Russian). https://elibrary.ru/oizwlk

11. Kosolapov V.M., Bondarev A V., Klimenko V.P. Perspective technologies for preparing a qualitative bulk food from grass. Agrarian science. 2010; (8): 20–23 (In Russian). https://elibrary.ru/mvcrst

12. Bondarev V.A., Kosolapov V.M., Klimenko V.P., Krichevsky A.N. Preparation of silage and haylage using domestic biological preparations. Moscow: All-Russian Williams Fodder Research Institute. 2016; 212 (In Russian). https://elibrary.ru/xkpqov