Comprehensive assessment of new promising varieties of sweet cherry of Dagestan breeding

Relevance. The creation of new varieties with a complex of economically valuable and biologically valuable traits is an urgent direction of breeding research, updating and expanding the assortment of cherries. 

Methods. The characteristics of the economic and biological properties and the description of eight new varieties of cherries of Dagestan selection are presented: Pokrovskaya Memory, Buinakskaya black, Maral, Elite form 129/1, Leningrad Guards, Dolores, Pearl and Late Lermontov. The cherries were examined using biochemical methods of analysis and standard methods of variety study. 

Results. It was determined that all the studied varieties of cherries, except the Memory Pokrovskaya variety, are characterized by a significant content of soluble solids (13.7–17.9%), sugars (10.1–13.2%) and acids (0.40–1.12%) in the fruits. Large–fruited (7–9 g), with good tasting ratings (4.8–5.0 points) were Buinak black, Leningrad Guards, Dolores, Pearl and Elite form 129/1. Late Lermontova, Maral and Dolores are highly resistant to spring frosts (the freezing of flowers did not exceed 17.5%). The fruits of the Buinak black cherry, Maral, Elite form 129/1, Pearl and Late Lermontov are most resistant to cracking (from 8.0 to 18.0%) during ripening at high humidity. New breeding varieties are not susceptible to coccomycosis and monilial burn, but Leningrad Guards and Dolores distinguished themselves by low resistance to monilial rot of fruits (21–23% lesion). It is determined that basically all the studied varieties of cherries are characterized by consistently high yields, improved commodity and consumer properties and resistance to environmental stressors. 

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