The storage stability of sugar beet as a parameter for evaluation of raw materials for sugar production

The concept of the storage stability of sugar beet has been considered. Four factors were included in the checklist of storage stability: determining breeding characteristics of hybrids; the physical state of the roots; conditions and duration of storage. The factor characterizing the breeding peculiarities of hybrids is reflected by the selection type, which is presented by the yield, normal and sugary. The factor characterizing the post-harvest physical condition of root crops includes indicators of the content of root crops with strong mechanical damages, the degree of their withering. The factor that determines the storage conditions has a qualitative expression of the regime formed through the technologies used, including storage in open areas in natural conditions or with methods of shelter and forced ventilation. The factor of storage duration is expressed by the duration of the period, which is based on the actual shelf life took different in the polar variants 3 times. To determine the levels of life processes in sugar beet during storage, a computational experiment was conducted on the basis of five indicators of four factors at three levels of variation. A criterion for the storage stability of sugar beet was proposed, which is an integral indicator characterized by a combination of immune, physiological and biochemical properties of root crops. The information obtained about storage stability of sugar beet can be used to determine the optimal shelf life of root crops and differentiation of each batch of raw material in terms of duration and conditions of storage. To determine the levels of life processes in sugar beets during storage, a simulating experiment was conducted on the basis of five indicators of four factors at three levels of variation. The chosen categories of the storage stability of sugar beets are characterized by different intensity of processes occurring in root crops and the following storage results: high storage stability (the criterion of storage stability is 8.0-10.0 points); average storage stability (criterion of storage capacity is 5,0-7,9 points); low storage stability (criterion of storage stability is 2.0-4.9 points); no storage stability (the criterion of the storage stability is 0-1.9 points). For practical application, the storage stability is proposed to be expressed in the form of a criterion calculated on the basis of a multiple regression equation, with subsequent allocation of the relevant categories of storage stability. This will allow to truly identify raw materials with a high level of storage stability, assuming low weight loss of beet and sucrose during long-term storage.

свекла сахарная, хранение, критерий хранимоспособности, значимые факторы, физиологобиохимические процессы, микробиологические процессы, категория, sugar beet, storage, criterion of storage stability, significant factors, physiological and biochemical processes, microbiological processes, category

1. Апасов, И.В. Технологические качества гибридов сахарной свеклы различных селекционных направлений в условиях засухи / И.В. Апасов, ГК. Фоменко, Л.Н. Путилина // Сахар. - 2011. - № 5. - С. 48-54.

2. ГОСТ 33884-2016. Свекла сахарная. Технические условия [Текст]. - Взамен ГОСТ Р 52647-2006; введ. 1.07.2017. - М.: Стандартинформ, 2016. - 8 с.

3. Морозов, А.Н. Влияние селекционного направления и физического состояния сахарной свеклы на результативность хранения / А.Н. Морозов, Г.С. Косулин, С.В. Хлюпина // Достижения науки и техники АПК. - 2016. - № 11. - С. 123-126.

4. Морозов, А.Н. Прогнозирование способности сахарной свеклы к длительному хранению / А.Н. Морозов, ГС. Косулин, И.Н. Мирошниченко: Сборник материалов II Международной на-уч.-практич. конф. «Инновационные исследования и разработки для научного обеспечения производства и хранения экологически безопасной сельскохозяйственной и пищевой продукции», 05-26 июня 2017 г., г. Краснодар. Краснодар, 2017. - С. 414-418.

5. Морозов, А.Н. Технология длительного хранения сахарной свеклы / А.Н. Морозов, М.К. Пружин, Л.Ю. Смирнова // Сахар. - 2016. - № 7. - С. 33-35.

6. Николаева, М.А. Научные основы обеспечения сохраняемости овощей и плодов: монография / М.А. Николаева, Л.Г Елисеева. - М.: РУСАЙНС, 2017. - 154 с.

7. Пат. 2555004 Российская Федерация, МПК А01F25/00. Способ длительного хранения сахарной свеклы [Текст] / Сапронов Н.М., Аксенов Д.М., Донцова Э.П. [и др.]; опубл. 10.07.2015, Бюл. № 19. - 4 с.

8. Разработать прогностическую модель оценки хранимоспособности сахарной свеклы в условиях направленного воздействия на физическую среду межкорневого пространства кагата [Текст] : отчет о НИР (промеж.) / Рос. науч.-исслед. ин-т сах. пром.; рук. Косулин ГС.; испол.: Морозов А.Н. [и др.]. - Курск, 2016. - 53 с. - № ГР АААА-А16-116022610089-8. - Инв. № 807.

9. Сапронов, Н.М. Укрытие многофункционального действия и принудительное вентилирование для длительного хранения сахарной свеклы / Н.М. Сапронов, М.К. Пружин, А.Н. Морозов, Д.М. Аксенов // Сахар. - 2015. - № 8. - С. 24-27.