The influence of provocative conditions of increased acidity of the soil on the morphological characteristics of fiber flax plants (Linum usitatissimum L.)

Relevance. The level of soil acidity in the Russian Federation has increased significantly over the past decades, and increased soil acidity is one of the reasons for the low realization in production conditions of the biological productivity of various crops, including fiber flax. When growing fiber flax on soils with a strongly acidic (pH_KCl 4.5 and below) and neutral (pH_KCl over 6.0) soil solution reaction, the yield of flax fiber and flax seeds is significantly reduced.
Methods. The studies were carried out in the field conditions of a provocative nursery in accordance with the methodological instructions “Selection and primary seed production of fiber flax” and “Selection of fiber flax”, as well as a technique based on the addition of the required amount of lime and colloidal sulfur and the patent “Method for determining the resistance of flax genotypes to a change in the acidity of the soil solution.” The source material is fiber flax varieties Impulse, Phoenix, Leader, S 108, Soyuz. Soil preparation consisted of autumn plowing, application of mineral fertilizers in the form of azophosphate at a rate of 1.5 c/ha, harrowing and pre-sowing cultivation. The sowing method is ordinary, with a feeding area of 3.75 cm² per plant. The total area of the experiment was 60 m² in triplicate. A moderately acidic background with pH_KCL 4.6–5.0 was used as a control option.
Results. A provocative background was created and the acid resistance of fiber flax varieties was determined — Impulse, Phoenix, Leader, S 108, Soyuz for strongly acidic and weakly acidic backgrounds, strongly acidic and moderately acidic backgrounds. It was revealed that all studied varieties of fiber flax showed resistance to increased soil acidity, while maintaining high productivity indicators compared to the standard variety Leader. The highest resistance, relative to other varieties, was demonstrated by the varieties Smolich, S 108, and Impuls.

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