Genetic resources and grape breeding in Dagestan
https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2024-384-7-136-148
Abstract
Relevance. The main goals of the research work are the creation of new grape genotypes based on the mobilization of the potential of wild species, native and high-value introduced varieties with high productivity, product quality and resistance to abiotic and biotic stresses, improvement of the methodological base to accelerate the grape breeding process. The gene pool of grapes — 554 varieties was preserved, hybrid fund of more than 700 genotypes of new selection was created. Hybridisation of grape varieties was carried out in 96 combinations to breed high quality varieties of different directions of use, meeting the requirements of modern viticulture and winemaking, hybrid seeds were obtained in the amount of more than 27 thousand pieces, which allowed to select more than 700 promising hybrid forms, including 3 elite forms — candidates for varieties. More than 20 sources of economically valuable traits of grapes were isolated in field conditions on a hard infectious background, including the traits of “resistance to fungal diseases” and “tolerance to root phylloxera”. Phenotyping of more than 50 varieties in agro-ecological conditions of the seaside zone of southern Dagestan and DNA — passportisation and identification of more than 20 indigenous and breeding varieties of the station were carried out. 7 varieties of table and technical direction were submitted to the State Research Institute, in 2023 the table variety of early maturity Yantar Dagestan was entered into the Register of breeding achievements.
Keywords
grapes,
genetic resources,
ampelographic collection,
breeding,
sources,
hybrid form,
variety,
phenotyping,
genotyping
Supporting agencies: The research was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation.
About the Authors
R. E. Kazakhmedov
Dagestan Breeding Experimental Station of Viticulture and Vegetable Growing-branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “North Caucasus Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Winemaking”
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Ramidin Efendievich Kazakhmedov - Head of the Laboratory of Biotechnology, Physiology and Grape Processing Products, Leading Researcher, Deputy Director for Scientific Work, Doctor of Biological Sciences
9 Vavilov Str., Derbent, 368600
B. A. Feyzullaev
Dagestan Breeding Experimental Station of Viticulture and Vegetable Growing-branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “North Caucasus Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Winemaking”
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Beypulat Agabekovich Feyzullaev - Senior Researcher of the Laboratory of Grape Variety Breeding, Introduction of Grapes, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences
9 Vavilov Str., Derbent, 368600
A. H. Agakhanov
Dagestan Breeding Experimental Station of Viticulture and Vegetable Growing-branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “North Caucasus Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Winemaking”
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Albert Khalidovich Agakhanov - Senior researcher at the Laboratory of Selection of Variety Studies, Introduction of Grapes, Candidate of Agricultural Sciences
9 Vavilov Str., Derbent, 368600
T. I. Abdullayeva
Dagestan Breeding Experimental Station of Viticulture and Vegetable Growing-branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution “North Caucasus Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Winemaking”
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Tamila Imiraslanovna Abdullaeva - Labaratorian-Research of Biotechnology, Physiology and Grape Processing Products Laboratory
9 Vavilov Str., Derbent, 368600
References
1. Kazakhmedov R.E., Agakhanov A.Kh., Abdullaeva T.I. Agrobiological features of technical grape varieties of breeding All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking named after Ya.I. Potapenko “Magarach” in the climatic conditions of the south of Dagestan. Agricultural science. 2023; (4): 123–128 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2023-369-4-123-128
2. Naumova L.G., Ganich V.A. Mobilization and conservation of genetic diversity of grape varieties in the collection of Ya.I. Potapenko All-Russian Research Institute for Viticulture and Winemaking. Russkiy vinograd. 2017; 5: 40–46 (in Russian). https://www.elibrary.ru/zbqdnv
3. Polulyakh A.A., Volynkin V.A., Likhovskoy V.V. Problems and prospects of grapevine genetic resources preservation at “Magarach” Institute. Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding. 2017; 21(6): 608–616 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.18699/VJ17.276
4. Pankin M.I. et al. The Аnapa ampelographic collection is the largest center of vine gene pool accumulation and research in Russia. Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding. 2018; 22(1): 54–59 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.18699/VJ18.331
5. Novikova L.Yu., Naumova L.G. Structuring ampelographic collections by phenotypic characteristics and comparing the reaction of grape varieties to climate change. Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding. 2019; 23(6): 772–779. https://doi.org/10.18699/VJ19.551
6. Gorbunov I.V., Kovalenko A.G., Razzhivina Yu.A. Analysis of varietal grapes composition according to ripening in the ampelographic collection of the Anapa Zonal Experimental Station of Viticulture and Winemaking. Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019; 57(3): 51–59 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57-51-59
7. Kazakhmedov R.E., Magomedova M.A. Phenotypic characteristics of native Dagestan grape varieties of various ecological and geographical groups. Development Problems of Regional Agro-industrial Complex. 2022; (4): 81–93 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.52671/20790996_2022_4_81
8. Bibi A.C., Gonias E.D., Doulis A.G. Genetic Diversity and Structure Analysis Assessed by SSR Markers in a Large Collection of Vitis Cultivars from the Island of Crete, Greece. Biochemical Genetics. 2020; 58(2): 294–321. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10528-019-09943-z
9. Baránková K., Sotolář R., Baránek M. Identification of rare traditional grapevine cultivars using SSR markers and their geographical location within the Czech Republic. Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding. 2020; 56(2): 71–78. https://doi.org/10.17221/61/2019-CJGPB
10. Nebish A., Tello J., Ferradás Y., Aroutiounian R., Martínez-Zapater J.M., Ibáñez J. SSR and SNP genetic profiling of Armenian grape cultivars gives insights into their identity and pedigree relationships. OENO One. 2021; 55(4): 101–114. https://doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.2021.55.4.4815
11. Barrias S., Pereira L., Rocha S., de Sousa T.A., Ibáñez J., Martins-Lopes P. Identification of Portuguese traditional grapevines using molecular markerbased strategies. Scientia Horticulturae. 2023; 311: 111826. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2023.111826
12. Dumitru A.M.I., Manolescu A.E., Sumedrea D.I., Popescu C.F., Cosmulescu S. Genetic diversity of some autochthonous white grape varieties from Romanian germplasm collections. Czech Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding. 2023; 59(2): 55–66. https://doi.org/10.17221/45/2022-CJGPB
13. Makarkina M.V., Ilnitskaya E.T., Kozina T.D., Kozhevnikov E.A., Kazakhmedov R.E. DNA certification and analysis of pedigrees of grape varieties selected by the Dagestan Breeding Experimental Station of viticulture and vegetable growing. Fruit growing and viticulture in the south of Russia. 2023; 80(2): 48–60 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.30679/2219-5335-2023-2-80-48-60
14. Ilnitskaya E.T., Makarkina M.V., Kazahmedov R.E., Kozhevnikov E.A., Kozina T.D. A study of genetic profiles of grape plants preserved under the name of Dagestan variety Khatmi. Plant Biotechnology and Breeding. 2023; 6(1): 6–12 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.30901/2658-6266-2023-1-o3
Review
For citations:
Kazakhmedov R.E., Feyzullaev B.A., Agakhanov A.H., Abdullayeva T.I. Genetic resources and grape breeding in Dagestan. Agrarian science. 2024;(7):136-148. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2024-384-7-136-148
Views:
286
Email this article 