GWAS как инструмент обнаружения SNPs у крупного рогатого скота для изучения их связи с воспроизводством, продуктивностью, ростом, поведением, болезнями

Фундаментальная цель животноводства — это рентабельное производство продуктов питания для человека из здоровых животных, которое включает производство, воспроизводство. Метод полногеномного поиска ассоциаций (Whole-Genome Associated Study, GWAS) активно используется в различных областях, в том числе и в молекулярно-генетических исследованиях с.-х. животных. Полногеномный анализ ассоциаций создавался для идентификации геномных вариаций, связанных с экономически значимыми признаками у различных видов сельскохозяйственных животных. Данный метод геномной селекции дает новые приоритеты для улучшения продуктивных и воспроизводительных качеств домашнего скота.

Цель данной обзорной статьи — всесторонний анализ текущего состояния GWAS у крупного рогатого скота, сосредоточив внимание на выявлении SNP, связанных с воспроизводством, продуктивностью, ростом, поведением и генетически обусловленными заболеваниями. Объем статьи охватывает изучение результатов GWAS по всему миру, как у молочного, так и у мясного скота, с особым акцентом на идентификацию генов-кандидатов, QTL и областей генома, связанных с направлением продуктивности. Кроме того, этот обзор включает классификацию результатов GWAS на основе изученных конкретных признаков, предоставляя всесторонний обзор генетических детерминант воспроизводства, роста, поведения и признаков заболеваний крупного рогатого скота.

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