ariability of fruits and seed progeny cultivars apricot Akademik and Pozdniy Filipyev in the south of Central Siberia

The purpose of the research is to study the variability of the common apricot growing in the Shushensky district of the Krasnoyarsk Territory and the seed progeny grown in the V.M. Krutovsky Botanical Garden.

Metods. To analyze the size of the fruits of apricot trees of the Akademik variety, the Late Filipyev variety and their seed progeny in terms of growth intensity and increased environmental efficiency, to determine the levels of variability of indicators. The objects of research are nineyear-old apricot trees and their two-year-old offspring. The length and diameter of the fruits were measured, and the weight was determined. Sowing was carried out with seeds stratified for 90 days in wet sand. In seedlings, the height, diameter of the trunk, and the leaves size were measured; their photosynthetic surface was determined. It was found that the average weight of fruits in the 2022 harvest was 33.8–41.9 g. The fruits of the Academic variety were heavier (by 24.0%). The level of the length and diameter fruits variation is low and medium, and the weight is high. In the seed offspring of the selected mother trees, the seedlings of the Pozdniy Filipiev variety differed in higher height (by 35.0%). The level of variation in the height and stem diameter is medium and elevated (13.2–24.0%). There is a high dependence between the height and the diameter of the stem (r = 0.706–0.775). When estimating the size of the leaves, it was found a large leaf area was in the seedlings of the Pozdniy Filipyeva variety (14.4% more than in the Academic variety).

Results. As a result of the research, there was a significant variation in the weight of fruits and the size of two-year-old seedlings from free pollination. Trees for further reproduction are distinguished by the size of the fruits, seedlings with the largest photosynthetic surface are distinguished by the speed of growth and leaf area.

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