The impact of tillage of meadow chestnut soil on the yields of winter durum wheat of Krupinka variety in the plains of Dagestan

Abstract

The productive capacity of Krupinka - new winter durum wheat variety - was studied in meadow chestnut heavy loam soils in the plains of Dagestan under irrigation conditions. The objective of the study was aimed at developing resource-saving cultivation technology for the new wheat variety. The study was based on the calculation of effective doses and time of application of mineral fertilizers in various cultivation technologies. The resource-saving cultivation technology under irrigation conditions in the plains of Dagestan was developed for the new wheat variety. This technology increases grain yields by 25-30%. The study conducted in 2014-2017 showed that the highest yield (6.23 t/ha) was obtained after administration of mineral fertilizers (N₁₈₀P₁₀₀) and semi-fallow tillage. The yield in the control after the same tillage technology and absence of fertilizers was 3.10 t/ha. The yield in the variant with the irrigated semi-fallow tillage was 6.4% (0.401/ ha) lower than that in the optimal one. The study showed that the best field germination rate (81.9%) and plant population rate (393 pcs/m²) were obtained in the variant with semifallow tillage and mineral fertilizers administered at a dose of N₁₈₀P₁₀₀. These rates were 6.8 and 6.4% lower in the variant with irrigated semi-fallow. The doses and time of application of mineral fertilizers had a significant impact on the productive capacity of Kupinka.