The dependence of the yield of the green mass and the duration of the interphase periods of the introduced plants on the growing conditions

Relevance. For the agricultural sector in the north-west of the Non-Chernozem zone, the upcoming climate changes towards warming have positive characteristics. However, it is necessary to adjust the range of cultivated plants in a timely manner to ensure the food security of the region. For the fodder production of the region, it is important to introduce introduced species with high adaptive potential into crop rotations as annual fodder crops. It is important to determine the main patterns of the influence of the weather conditions of the region on the growth, development and yield of crops.
Materials and methods. The research was conducted in the Novgorod region on sorghum sugar Silage 88 (1st generation hybrid), sorghum-Sudanese hybrid Navigator and Sudanese grass Zemlyachka (line) in 2016–2023. Phenological observations and records were carried out according to the methodological guidelines for conducting field experiments with fodder crops of the All-Russian Research Institute of Feed, dependencies were determined using Microsoft Excel using regression and correlation analysis.
Results. In the course of the work, the following dependences were established at the first stages of plant development: a strong positive one, causing an increase in the duration of interphase periods with an increase in the sum of active temperatures (r = 0.93–0.99) and quantity precipitation (r = 0.72); a strong negative dependence of the yield of green mass on quantity precipitation (r = 0.71) and an average on the sum of active temperature (r = 0.66). Correlations of the hydrothermal coefficient (GTK) with the duration of interphase periods and the yield of green mass have not been revealed. A close relationship has been established between the duration of the “germination — tillering” period and the yield of the green mass. Thus, it has been established that sorghums cultures are most sensitive to changes in weather conditions at the initial stages of development.

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