The formation of productivity and elements of its structure in the flax variety-dolgunts Phoenix, depending on the mineral nutrition

Relevance. The current state of the economy largely determines the development ofagriculture, including crop production, the effectiveness of which largely depends on thecorrect selection and ratio of crops and varieties. The revival of linen production and the textileindustry in the Smolensk region is not just a local task, but a strategically important step forthe whole of Russia.However, despite the positive developments, there are also problematic issues. The imperfection of technologies used in the cultivation, harvesting and primary processing of flaxhas led to a decrease in the quality of flax fiber. Previously, agricultural producers receivednumber 14 flaxen fiber, but now the value of this indicator has decreased to 9–10. The mainfactors contributing to increasing the efficiency of flax production are the introduction of newvarieties of flax, the establishment of a seed production system, the development of moderntechnological methods of cultivation, the study of the responsiveness of new and promisingvarieties to sowing dates, seeding rates, fertilizers, etc.Methods. The objects of the research were 10 types of mineral fertilizers recommended by“PhosAgro” on the flax-flax Phoenix variety.Results. The use of complex mineral fertilizers in the cultivation of flax of the Phoenix varietyon sod-podzolic soil with agrochemical parameters typical of the Smolensk region made itpossible to increase the yield of flax from 4.93 to 6.96–9.49 t/ha, flax seeds — from 0.20 to0.23–0.34 t/ha. The greatest biological efficiency among the proposed fertilizer applicationsystems was shown by options with pre-sowing application of N₃₂P₁₀₉K₁₁₂ (TCU with sulfurand boron + “Ammophos” + “Kalimag”) in combination with fertilizing N₂₀ (ammonium nitrate + Zn-Mo micro fertilizers) and pre-sowing application of N₄₅P₁₀₅K₁₀₅ (TCU with boron + PK fertilizer with sulfur and calcium) in combination with top dressing N₁₅ (ammoniumnitrate). The other options for applying fertilizers in terms of yields of flax and flax seeds weresignificantly inferior to the best of the proposed ones.

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