Elements of agricultural technology for new varieties of flax in the conditions of the Non-Chernozem zone

Relevance. Realization of biological potential of new varieties of flax in production conditions is possible with proper observance of the developed elements of cultivation technology. The leading role among the elements of varietal agricultural techniques is played by the seeding rate and the distance planting.

Methods. A wide range of field, statistical, and analytical methods were used.

Results. In the conditions of the Non-Chernozem zone on sod-podzolic medium loamy soil with a very high content of phosphorus and low potassium for the new variety of Dnepr 1 fiber flax-long for obtaining two types of flax products the optimal seeding rate was 16 million seeds per hectare with a row spacing of 7.5 cm, which allowed to obtain a yield of flax fiber 12.0 c/ha and flax seeds 10.9 c/ha. Cultivation with a seeding rate of 12 million seeds per hectare resulted in a yield of 10.2 c/ha. Increasing the seeding rate to 22 million and 26 million seeds per hectare reduced seed productivity by 38% and 45%, respectively, compared to a seeding rate of 16 million seeds per hectare. For the selection line of P-256/02 fiber flax, the study of seeding rates from 8 to 22 million seeds per hectare (with a step of 4 million) and distance planting 7.5 and 12 cm showed that a narrower distance planting provided better conditions for the growth and development of flax, resulting in plants with better morphological characteristics and a more uniform stand due to less density in the row. Cultivation of flax with a distance planting of 7.5 cm and a seeding rate of 12 and 22 million seeds per hectare, compared to a distance planting of 12 cm, resulted in a significant increase in the yield of flax straw by 11.1 and 19.8 c/ha (15.4 and 24.5%), and flax seeds by 4.1 and 2.9 c/ha (36.6 and 31.9%), respectively, depending on the seeding rate.

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