Разработка комбинированного энтеросорбента на основе диоксида кремния с иммобилизованными антитоксическими антителами для специфической профилактики и лечения эшерихиоза молодняка сельскохозяйственных животных

Актуальность. Настоящий обзор посвящен актуальной проблеме профилактики и лечения бактериальных желудочно-кишечных инфекций у молодняка сельскохозяйственных животных, в частности эшерихиоза. Традиционная терапия, включая парентеральное введение гипериммунных сывороток, имеет ограниченную эффективность из-за недостаточной доставки антитоксических антител в просвет кишечника. В качестве перспективной альтернативы рассматривается разработка комбинированных энтеросорбентов нового поколения, совмещающих свойства носителя и специфического антитоксина.

Методы. В работе проведен анализ современных подходов к модификации поверхности сорбентов для иммобилизации биологически активных молекул. Особое внимание уделено химической функционализации на основе силанизации с использованием 3-аминопропилтриэтоксисилана (APTES) как методу, обеспечивающему формирование стабильных ковалентных связей между поверхностью диоксида кремния и антителами. Обобщены сведения о существующих классах энтеросорбентов, применяемых в животноводстве, и обоснован выбор высокодисперсного диоксида кремния в качестве оптимальной платформы для создания таргетного препарата.

Результаты. Практическая значимость работы заключается в научном обосновании подхода к созданию инновационного средства для специфической профилактики эшерихиоза, которое обеспечит направленную доставку и пролонгированную активность антитоксических антител непосредственно в очаге инфекции, что позволит снизить экономический ущерб в животноводстве.

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