Productivity of early ripening potato varieties in the conditions of the Northern Trans-Urals

The research was conducted in 2022–2024 at the experimental field of the Northern TransUrals Research Institute of Agriculture — branch of the Tyumen Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, where a collection of early-ripening potato varieties was studied (Zhukovskyranniyst, Colomba, Meteor, Red Scarlet, Rosara, Dnepryanka, Labella). The passage of phenological phases depends on the prevailing climatic conditions of the growing season, the vegetation period was 76–78 days, of which the earliest ripening varieties were Red Scarlet and Colomba.The yield of the studied potato varieties averaged 25.6–34.6 t/ha, the standard variety Zhukovsky — 30.7 t/ha, the varieties Colomba, Labella exceeded the standard by 3.5–3.9 t/ha with a yield of 34.2–34.6 t/ha, the varieties Meteor, Red Scarlet were inferior to the standard by 4.1–5.1 t/ha with a yield of 25.6–26.6 t/ha. The marketability of tubers of the studied varieties was 62–84%, for the standard— 66.3%, high marketability of tubers for the Dnepryanka, Rosara, Labella varieties— 71.4–84.5%.The formation rate of aboveground biomass increased for most varieties that had superior tuber yield.Biochemical parameters of tubers, such as starch content, were 13.1–16.7%, with higher amounts in the Colomba, Rosara, and Labella varieties.Nitrate levels ranged from 118.3 to 171.0 mg/kg, within established limits (PDK). Varietal differences were also identified: the lowest nitrate levels were recorded in the Colomba variety.Among the studied varieties, Colomba and Labella emerged as leaders in terms of marketability, yield, and tuber flavor. Furthermore, the Colomba, Labella, and Rosara varieties exhibited moderate resistance to Alternaria and late blight.

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