The influence of direct seeding technology with intercrops on the dynamics of copper in soil and soybean plants

Relevance. Recently, conservation agriculture practices that minimize human intervention in the soil cover, such as direct seeding, have been introduced. These practices are often combined with biologization elements, which can further increase nutrient availability. However, the impact of these practices on copper distribution in the soil-soybean system has been poorly studied. The aim of this study was to compare the impact of direct seeding practices (without intercrops, as well as with spring and winter intercrops) on copper content and distribution in the soil, roots, and aboveground biomass of soybean plants.
Methods. The study was conducted on leached chernozems using four different practices: conventional tillage, direct seeding, and direct seeding with spring and winter intercrops. Sampling was conducted in June, July, and September. Copper content was determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy.
Results. Copper concentrations in the soil, roots, and aboveground soybean biomass varied significantly depending on the sampling period and the agricultural technology used. Biologization-based technologies accumulated the element better during certain growth periods. Fertilization had no clear positive effect, and in the case of winter cover crops, it led to a 10–40% decrease in copper content. In soybeans grown with cover crops, copper content in June and July was generally no lower than in the case of traditional tillage or direct seeding.

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