Ecological study of the sunflower varieties and hybrids in the lower volga region

The article presents the results of environmental testing on the experimental field of the Federal State Scientific Institution RosNIISK “Rossorgo” of sunflower varieties and hybrids approved for use in the Russian Federation. The experiment was carried out in accordance with the plan of two-factor experiment: factor A is the variety sample, factor B is the year of testing. The study included 16 varieties. The experiments were carried out in 2015-2017. Observations, measurements and counts were performed according to generally accepted methods. The manifestation of the actual values of variety samples by the morphological features and biochemical composition of sunflower seeds is caused by the influence of the variety (A) factor, the factor of the year (B) and their interaction (AB). The grouping of variety samples into three classes was determined by the calculation of average values by experience. Then the high value was considered as a larger value of x than X + NDS, and a low value - less X- NDS. The middle class was calculated - X ± NDS. According to plant height, the contribution of factors to the total variability was: A = 57.96%, B = 22.06%, AB = 17.57%, residual = 2.41%. The variability of 1000 seeds is determined by the genotype of two variety samples: factor A - 24.91%, factor B - 50.38%, interaction of AB - 22.02%, unrecorded factors - 2.69%. The influence of factor A on seed yield was 13.83%, factor B - 54.24%, AB interaction - 28.56%, residual - 3.37%. The following samples are referred to the high-diner: Oligarch, Starbella, Bella, Jupiter, Armoni, Tutti. In the experiment it was found that under the influence of weather conditions, the biochemical composition of sunflower seeds significantly changes. The effect of factors of the oil contented in sunflower seeds was: A - 47.18%, B - 16.28%, AB interaction - 26.84%, residual - 9.70%. The influence of the protein contents differs: A-20.90%, B - 36.50%, interaction of AB - 30.61%, residual - 10.99%. More than 49.7% of the oil in the seeds was found in the following variety samples: Voronezhskiy 638, Isabella, Starbella, Bella, Continent, Fortimi, Armoni, Tutti. The protein content more than 14.10% was found in the seeds of Jupiter, Kharkiv 49.

подсолнечник, генотип, среда, фактор, сорт, год, высота, масса 1000 семян, жир, протеин, sunflower, genotype, environment, factor, variety, year, height, weight of 1000 seeds, oil, protein