Assessment of the natural potential of arable land and suitability for crops in the foothills of the Beyskiy region of the Republic of Khakassia

A comparative assessment of the natural potential of agricultural land in the foothills of the Bay region of the Republic of Khakassia is carried out. The assessment point is determined by the soil-ecological index, which is determined through the product of soil, climate and agrochemical indices. When assessing agro-climatic conditions, the following indicators were taken into account: continentality coefficient, humidification coefficient, and the final climatic indicator was calculated. Results. It has been established that in the climatic zones, the climatic index in the series is naturally decreasing: forest-steppe, real steppe, dry steppe, due to a decrease in the territory’s moisture supply. PEI is changing in the same direction, the most valuable soils are formed in the forest-steppe zone and are represented by leached chernozems, as well as ordinary foothill steppes, their non-degraded counterparts with a maximum bonitet score of 55.1 and 44.2 have a maximum bonitet. Less valuable soils are allocated in the steppe zone, where the PEI of the southern chernozems decreases to 37 points, and in degraded counterparts to 32, which leads to a significant decrease in the yield of grain crops in this zone. In the dry steppe, where dark chestnut and chestnut soils are common, the average score was 30 points. Highly degraded chestnut carbonate soils with the least value and the lowest grading point, as well as southern loamy and loamy granular composition black soil, highly degraded, are distinguished in this territory. Bonitet values do not allow specializing here in the direction of cultivating crops, these are unproductive soils and are not suitable for arable use.

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