The influence of mineral fertilizers and bacterial preparations on yield and oil content of safflower in the Rostov region

The article presents the results of field experiments carried out in 2016-2018 in the North-Eastern zone of the Rostov region on dark chestnut soils. The aim of the research was to study the effect of mineral fertilizers and bacterial preparations on the yield and quality of safflower seeds. The object of the study was the variety of safflower Zavolzhsky-1, predecessor was winter wheat. Ammonium nitrate and ammophos in doses of N₂₄P₅₂ and N₄₈P₅₂ were used as mineral fertilizers with application at sowing and under presowing cultivation. In a field experiment we studied the variants of joint application of mineral fertilizers and pre-sowing seed treatment of bacterial preparations (Miserin, Flavobacterium, KL-10 produced by research center of Pushkin). Control was an option without the use of mineral fertilizers and bacterial preparations. The research methodology was standard for studying the effect of fertilizers. The average yield of safflower seeds in field experiments was 1.03-1.22 t/ha, oil content of seeds - 35.9-36.3%, oil collection from 1 ha - 337-398 kg. It was established the optimal dose of mineral fertilizers, providing the greatest crop yield, was the application for pre-sowing cultivation N₄₈P₅₂. In comparison with the control on this variant, the maximum increase in the yield of safflower seeds in the experiment was obtained - 0.19 t/ha or 18.4%. It was revealed that the best bacterial preparation is Flavobacterium. The increase in yield compared with the option without the use of fertilizers was 0.14 t/ha or 13.6%. The combination of mineral fertilizers and biopreparations is most effective on the variant using the preparation KL-10, where the yield compared to the control variant increased by 0.11 t/ha or 10.7%.

темно-каштановая почва, сафлор, урожайность, масличность, бактериальные препараты, минеральные удобрения, dark-chestnut soil, safflower, yield, oil content, bacterial products, mineral fertilizers

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