Milk productivity of queens, growth of purebred and crossbred young animals of the southern beef breed

Relevance.  The  safety  of  lambs  is  the  most  important  factor  affecting  the  efficiency  of  the  industry. It   is    of   particular relevance for multiple breeds. The level of dairy productivity of ewes is one of the factors affecting the growth and development of lambs, their safety before weaning. Milk productivity is positively correlated with the dynamics of the live weight of lambs.

The aim of the study was to study the milk content of crossbred ( 1/2 southern meat and 1/2 Katum) and purebred (southern meat) ewes, the effect of this indicator on the growth of lambs.

Methods. The  objects  of  the  study  were  purebred  (n  =  46),  crossbred  ( n  =  30)  ewes  and  their  lambs. To determine the amount of milk produced by a ewe over 20 days, the increase in live weight of lambs during this  period  was  multiplied  by  a  factor  of  5  (on  average,  up  to  5  liters  of  milk  are  required  for  an  increase of   1 kg). In multiple-fetal ewes, milk production was determined by multiplying the sum of the growth of all lambs in the litter by 5.

Results. The  number  of  lambs  in  the  litter  and  the  genotype  of  the  ewes  have  a  statistically  significant effect  on  the  live  weight  of  lambs  at  birth  and  the  milk  production  of  ewes.  Lambs  born  alone  in  a  litter exceeded double lambs by 18.1% and triple lambs by 22.6% in live weight. Multiple ewes are superior in milk production to ewes with one lamb. In terms of the amount of milk produced in 20 days, ewes with triplets exceeded their peers with one lamb by 2.24 times, and with twins — 1.52 times. Crossbred (1/2  southern meat and 1/2 katumskaya) ewes are higher in milk productivity than the maternal breed.

1. Matyukov V.S., Zharikov Ya.A., Kaneva L.A. Theoretical and practical aspects of the conservation and use of the Pechora sheep gene pool adapted in the Far North. Agricultural science in the North to agriculture. Proceedings of the IV Аll-Russian scientific and practical conference (with international participation) dedicated to the Day of Russian Science. Kirov: Interregional center of innovative technologies in education. 2022; 142–148 (in Russian).https://doi.org/10.52376/978-5-907541-41-2_142

2. Radzhabov F.M., Esanov S.T., Kosilov V.I. The influence of fattening conditions on the growth and development of Gissar breed rams. Current problems of veterinary medicine and biotechnology. Proceedings of the National scientific and practical conference with international participation, March 10, 2022. Orenburg: Orenburg State Agrarian University. 2022; 217–220 (in Russian). https://www.elibrary.ru/tougqv

3. Kosilov V.I., Nikonova E.A., Yaremko V.V. The influence of the ram’s genotype on the nature of the localization of adipose tissue in the body. Modern problems of development of veterinary medicine and biotechnology. Proceedings of the national scientific and practical conference with international participation, March 30–31, 2023. Orenburg: Orenburg State Agrarian University. 2023; 220–221 (in Russian). https://www.elibrary.ru/mwmgoo

4. Pesántez-Pacheco J.L. et al. Influence of Maternal Factors (Weight, Body Condition, Parity, and Pregnancy Rank) on Plasma Metabolites of Dairy Ewes and Their Lambs. Animals. 2019; 9(4): 122. https://doi.org/doi: 10.3390/ani9040122

5. Ptáček M. et al. Effect of Milk Intake, Its Composition, and Fatty Acid Profile Distribution on Live Weight of Suckling Wallachian Lambs until Their Weaning. Animals. 2019; 9(10): 718. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9100718

6. Sultan K.H. The effect of body weight and litter size on some productive parameters and milk components of sheep under semi-intensive breeding. Mesopotamia Journal of Agriculture. 2019; 47(3): 15–24. https://doi.org/10.33899/magrj.2019.126115.1009

7. Yuldashbayev Yu.A. et al. The effect of young ram’s genotypeon mineral metabolism. Sheep, goats, wool business. 2024; (1): 15–18 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.26897/2074‑0840‑2024‑1-15-18

8. Erokhin A.I., Karasev E.A., Erokhin S.A. On the issue of breeding along lines when creating and improving herds and breeds of sheep. Sheep, goats, wool business. 2017; (1): 12–13 (in Russian). https://www.elibrary.ru/vwzmjc

9. Ptáček M., Ducháček J., Schmidová J., Stádník L. Response to selection of a breeding program for Suffolk sheep in the Czech Republic. Czech Journal of Animal Science. 2018; 63(8): 305–312. https://doi.org/10.17221/21/2018-CJAS

10. Babushkin V.A., Frolova Yu.A., Negreeva A.N., Frolov D.A. Influence of the behavior type of ewes on milk productivity and growth of lambs. Bulletin of Michurinsk State Agrarian University. 2020; (2): 95–99 (in Russian). https://www.elibrary.ru/zrdncg

11. Toshchev V.K., Mustafina S.S., Tsaregorodtseva E.V. Sheep milk production and its role in the efficiency improvement of the field in the Republic of Mari El. Vestnik of the Mari State University. 2013; 11: 16–20 (in Russian). https://www.elibrary.ru/rdcnaj

12. Gabaev M.S. Influence of rams on milkability of daughters of the Karachai breed and dynamics of live weight of their offspring. Animal Husbandry and Fodder Production. 2020; 103(4): 109–116 (in Russian). https://doi.org/10.33284/2658-3135-103-4-109

13. Еsenkulova Zh.Zh., Abdieva K.M., Kuzembayeva G.K. Evaluation of the impact of sheep milk production on the growth and development of lambs. European Research: Innovation in Science, Education and Technology. LXXI International correspondence scientific and practical conference. London: Problems of Science. 2021; 23–25 (in Russian). https://www.elibrary.ru/jprjfz

14. Gagloev A.Ch., Zavyalova V.G., Khamkhoeva E.S., Popov V.A. The influence of the breeding method on the reproductive qualities of ewes and the safety of lambs. Nauka i оbrazovanie. 2022; 5(1): 95 (in Russian). https://www.elibrary.ru/betyuu

15. Gagloev A.Ch., Negreeva A.N., Shchugoreva T.E., Nasonova E.S. Characterization and study of the breeds of sheep for breeding in small farms in the region. Collection of scientific papers dedicated to the 85th anniversary of the Michurinsk State Agrarian University. Michurinsk: Michurinsk State Agrarian University. 2016; 4: 69–74 (in Russian). https://www.elibrary.ru/zetwgn

16. Gagloev A.Ch., Negreeva A.N., Shchugoreva T.E., Nasonova E.S. Economic and useful symbols of sheep Romanovo breed in conditions Central-Black zone. Modern technologies in animal husbandry: problems and ways to solve them. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference. Michurinsk: Michurinsk State Agrarian University. 2017; 146–149 (in Russian). https://elibrary.ru/xyyuhz

17. Dmitrieva T.O. Meat breed of sheep — Katum. Agrarian science. 2018; (6): 25–27. (in Russian). https://www.elibrary.ru/xujqwl