The influence of mechanization tools for tillage on its characteristics and productivity of oats

Relevance. The development of mechanization tools, as well as the creation of new highly productive variety resources, require timely adaptation of agricultural technologies, which is possible only through special scientific research in conditions as close as possible to production conditions. The aim of the work was to study the effect of various means of mechanization for pre- and post-sowing treatment of sod-podzolic sandy loam soil on its characteristics and productivity of oats.

Methodology. The research was carried out at the pilot production base of the Educational scientific-Innovative Production Center Agrotechnopark of the Tver State Agricultural Academy, Tver in 2023–2025. The object of research is oats of the Yakov variety. All work was performed in full compliance with the current regulatory and methodological documentation, mathematical processing using the MS Excel software package (USA).

Results. It was found that the maximum experimental yield of oats, equal to 2.34 t/ha, was formed with a soil treatment system including KBM-6H (before sowing) and ZKKSH-6 (after sowing). In terms of the growth of the oat response, the machines for pre-sowing processing were placed as follows: KPS-4.0+BZSS-1.0 → AKSh-3.6 → KBM-6NU, post-sowing: KVG-1.4 → 3KKSH-6. The use of only pre-sowing treatment with the KBM-6NU unit ensured the yield of oat grain at the level of 2.12 t/ha, which was 24.0% higher than with KPS-4.0+BZSS-1.0 and 8.2% higher than AKSh-3.6. Rolling the soil after sowing increased the yield of oats by 4.6 — 7.0% when using KVG-1.4 and 8.7 — 14.2% — 3KKSH-6. The resulting yield increases resulted from the effective rationalization of the tillage system, which ensured the optimization of its structural and aggregate composition, improved hydraulic regime, increased field germination of oat seeds and reduced clogging of seedlings.

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