Relationship between production status and blood biochemical parameters in pigs

Relevance. In the context of modern industrial pig farming, increasing the efficiency of breeding requires a shift from visual assessment to the use of objective physiological criteria.

Methods. Experimental populations of maternal sows (parity 4) and sire boars of the first paternal breed were divided into three groups: leading group (L), intermediate group (I), and commercial group (C). From crossing the maternal breed with the first paternal breed, F1 offspring were obtained depending on the production status of the mothers (VM, PM, TM). Fifteen gilts and boars were selected from the total population. During the study, we analyzed a number of blood biochemical parameters in the experimental animals, namely lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total protein, urea, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST).

Results. It has been established that industrial status has a systemic effect on the metabolic profile. The sows of the leading group showed signs of intensive protein metabolism. The most significant differences were found in newborn sons: offspring from the queens of the leading group were characterized by the highest levels of total protein and minimal signs of birth stress (low LDH and AST). Sexual dimorphism was found in the severity of the studied features. Consequently, blood biochemical parameters, in particular the LDH, AST, total protein and urea complex, are informative markers that objectively reflect the level of metabolic adaptation and the quality of intrauterine development of offspring.

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