The article presents the study on the beef productivity of Simmental steers of different productivity types. The study was conducted in OOO “Kommunar”, Khvastovichsky district, Kaluga region. The study was performed on Simmental steers of different productivity types. The steers were divided into 3 groups, 12 animals each. The first group included beef-dairy type, the second one - dairy-beef type, the third one - dairy type. The linear growth, body weight, average daily weight gain were studied. 3 animals from each group at the age of 18 months were slaughtered. Slaughter parameters, morphological composition of the carcases, hide qualities were examined. The 1.5-year old steers of beef-dairy type weighted 518.3 kg. This indicator was 31.3 kg (6.1%) higher than that of the beef-dairy steers and 37.4 kg (7.3%) higher than that of the dairy steers. The weight of the carcases of the beef-dairy steers was 276.1 kg. The similar indicators of the other groups were 21.5 kg (7.8%) and 25.3 kg (9.2%) lower. The animals of all the groups had similar measuring indicators. The beef-dairy steers were larger, more compact and well-muscled. The high growing capacity was reveled in all the groups. It was particularly recoded in the beef-dairy steers. The average daily gain at the end of the fattening period was 910 g. During the whole rearing period, the average daily gain was 903 g. This indicator was 60 g (6.7%) higher than that of the dairy-beef steers and 71 g (7.9%) higher than that of the dairy steers. The skin area of the beef and dairy steers was 5.8-10.1 dm² larger than the same indicator in the other groups.

In order to study the impact of “Velegard” on the efficiency of nitrogen and qualitative indicators of chicken meat, a research was conducted in 2014-2017. For the test there were 2 groups of Cobb-500 chickens, 100 animals each. The animals weighted 39.0-40.0 g. The tested group received mixed feed and water with “Velegard” on 6 and 7 days, and from 25 to 35 days of life. From 37 to 39 day, the chickens were given ascorbic acid at a dose of 50 g/t of water. The doses were calculated from the initial acidity of water. The feeding was conducted in accordance with established standards, age and rearing technology. It was established that “Velegard” and ascorbic acid administered in different periods of rearing had a positive impact on productivity, liveability and qualitative meat indicators in comparison with the control group. The body weight in the tested group was 49.33 g higher than that in the control group. The liveability of the tested group was 6% higher. The administration of the acidifier together with ascorbic acid during the final period of rearing had a positive effect on the protein content. The protein content in the white meat was 3.5% higher than that in the control group, in the red meat - 2.2% higher.

It has been established that using the feed additive “Hydrolactiv” for gilts during the period of growth in the amount of 1.0; 1.5; 2.0% as a supplement to the staple diet contributes to their growth of 5.0, 7.7 and 8.0% respectively; and the average daily gains in live weight of swines increase by 8.6, 13.0 and 13.4% respectively. Moreover, feeding gilts with the feed additive "HydroLactiv” enhances their reproductive function, what has allowed augmenting in the experimental groups the number of piglets obtained at birth by 8.5, 18.7 and 17.9% respectively in comparison with the control group.

The article presents the results of the study of pure breeding of Auliekol beef cattle. The study was conducted in Kazakh Scientific Research Institute of Animal Husbandry and Forage Production. Crossing of different lines increased the average indicator of body weight by 6-8%. In recent years, the farm has been crossing Charolais cattle and purebred Auliekol cattle. It resulted in hybrids. The animals are characterized by increased growth capacity in a longer period of time, it is economically justified under conditions of extensive grazing system. The test showed that the Charolais steers born in AF "Dievskaya” were superior to purebred Auliekol animals. The heifers of this bred also had advantages in body weight during the rearing under stall and pasture conditions. The category of improvers contained 8 Charolais steers. The weight was 464.4 kg (index 102.2), the average daily gain - 1055 g (108.9), feed consumption - 6.9 f. un. (104.3), beefiness - 55.1 (103.2) points. The hybrids had advantages over the purebred animals in the intensity of growth. The period of intensive growth of the hybrids was longer in comparison with the purebred animals. The purebred Charolais steers also had advantages over the purebred Auliekol animals in this indicator.

The management of ontogeny in sheep is the most important problem in biology and zootechnics, because productive qualities depend on the pattern of growth and development. The method to rear fat tailed lambs in the suckling period was developed in Kazakhstan. The method increases productivity of lambs during this period, due to the method the body weight of 4-month old ewes is 36.6-37.4 kg, the total gain - 26 kg, the body weight of rams is 38.5-39.7 kg, the total gain - 27.3-28.0 kg. The tests were conducted in "Bakdaulet” in Kyzylorda region. Coarse-wooled fat-tailed sheep were transferred to this farm from breeding livestock farm in Aktobe region. The test was carried out on Kazakh fat-tailed sheep. The articled presents the results of the study of growth and development of lambs. In Priaralye, the highest growing capacity of Kazakh coarse-wooled fat-tailed lambs was recorded at the beginning and at the time of weaning. The growth was more intensive in the length of the body than in the height at the withers. During the period from birth to weaning, the lambs grew wide. Thereby, at the age of 4 months, animals seemed to look more compact.

The article is devoted to the results of studying promising hybrid lines selected from introduced (CIMMYT) hybrid combinations under irrigation conditions. In particular, hybrid lines in the control nursery and in competitive variety testing were assessed for resistance to leaf diseases, quantitative and qualitative characteristics and properties, compared to the standard. The yield of the introduced fifth generation bread wheat hybrid lines (F5) in the 2012-2013 years of study in the control nursery I varied widely from 59,9 to 89,8 c/ha, the height of the plant along the lines was 88,9-119,8 cm, the number of grains in the ear is 39,9-61,5 pcs, the mass of grains from the ear is 2,04-2,77 gr., the mass of 1000 grains is 36,4-55,0 gr., the content of gluten is 26,4-34,0%, IDK 24,0-118,0 instrument index, sedimentation 27,0-54,0 ml, protein content 10,5-14,2%, and vegetation period, respectively, in the interval 188-205 days. In 20132014, testing of hybrid lines in the control nursery II, yields were reduced to 30,0-67,0 c/ha, plant height 83,4-113,8 cm, etc., although in some lines number and mass of grains from the ear (respectively 78,5 pieces and 3,46 gr.), gluten content (39,2%) showed positive shifts. The prospective lines, selected according to positive signs, in 2014-2015, were studied in competitive variety testing. Yields of perspective lines studied in competitive variety testing varied within the range of 45,0-62,0 c/ha. In comparison with the standard (55,0 c/ha), compared with the high yield (62,0 and 56,5 c/ha), the lines were respectively: Starshina/Sonmez /2 and Starshina/Sonmez /3; with the number and mass of grain from the ear of T154/Kristadora /1 - 66,6 pcs.; 2,18 gr., T154/Kristadora/2 - 53,3 pieces; 1,7 gr., Starshina/ Sonmez/3 - 2,04 gr.; with a mass of 1000 grains Katia1/ Kroshka/3 - 46,0 gr., Gondvana/Demir/1 - 52,0 gr., Sonmez/ Pehlivan/1 and Starshina/Sonmez/3 - 44,8 gr., with the content index gluten Gondvana/Demir/1 - 34,0%, Sonmez/Pehlivan/1 - 37,8%; with the content of protein in grain (13,5-14,5%), T154/Kristadora/1, T154/Kristadora/2, Sonmez/Pehlivan/1, Starshina/Sonmez /2, whose recognition of this indicator in the standard (12,0% ) exceeded the last by 1,5-2,5 %. Hybrid lines with high indicators have been included in breeding program for further evaluation.

The article presents the results of the study. The study was aimed at developing an evaluation technique of technical adequacy of sugar beets for the production of sugar. This technique is necessary for high efficiency of sugar beet production. The article illustrates the contribution of technical adequacy of sugar beets to the performance of processing. The main characteristics of technically adequate sugar beets were determined. The methodological part of work was based on the approaches used for the quality assessment of goods on the basis of a composite index. To fill this index, the functional and technological properties of sugar beets were considered as parameters being formed during its life cycle. The consecutive stages of the life cycle reflect the evolutionary development of the plant as a commodity, where technological methods of cultivation are part of the timeline associated with the natural processes. Timely implementation of techniques and specific soil and plant characteristics at the different stages guarantees crop with specified target indicators. Various deviations lead to failure to reach the determined targets. Such interpretation makes the quality parameter an indirect characteristic of the developed functional properties. It was suggested to use relative frequency of occurrence of real values within the limits of the established tolerances as estimated figures. It is proposed to divide technical adequacy of sugar beets into three levels: adequate, relatively adequate, inadequate; with the following ranges: from 1.0 to 0.8; from 0.79 to 0.65; below 0.65. An algorithm to evaluate the technical adequacy of sugar beets was developed and its verification in the beet-growing industry was performed. The precision of the results of the evaluation of technical adequacy and actual performance of the sugar factory justify the accuracy of the algorithm.

The research was conducted in Azerbaijan Research Institute of Agriculture. The article presents the results of the study on the intensity of photosynthesis depending on leaf location and different stages of development (heading, blooming stages, milky and wax ripeness) of wheat with different architectonics. Local varieties and introduced samples (CIMMYT and ICARDA) were taken for the test. The study showed that the crop area with the samples with leaves in horizontal position was less covered by photosynthetic rays, it led to the reduction of photosynthesis in lower leaves. At the same time, upper leaves were exposed to harmful rays, which caused yield decrease. Photosynthetic rays covered more crop area with the varieties with leaves in vertical position. Photosynthesis in Azamatly-95 with vertical leaves was more intensive than in the others.

The study of cultivation technology of seedlings and cultivation of onions by seedlings is a pressing scientific issue in Uzbekistan. The study was conducted at Tashkent State Agrarian University in 2015-2016. The study was aimed at researching productivity of the most common and promising varieties and hybrids of bulb onions for cultivation in double crop by seedling and determining its suitability. 10 varieties and hybrids of common onions of Uzbek and foreign selection (Daitona F₁, Banco F₁, Yellow Spanish F₁, Peshpazak, Zafar, Spanish 313, Istickball, Margilansky, Karatalsky and Sumbula) were tested in double crop. The research was performed in seedling culture. Daitona F₁ (44.1 t/ha), Banco F1 (39.3 t/ha) and Istickball (38.8 t/ha¹) showed the highest yield and profitability rates

The article presents the study of the impact of СаСО₃ (dolomite powder) on agrophysical properties of dark gray forest heavy loam soil and crop yield in crop rotation with and without fertilizers. The study was conducted in dark gray forest heavy loam soil in grain-grass-tilled rotation. The aim of the research was to study the impact of liming together with mineral fertilizers on agrophysical properties of dark gray forest heavy loam soil. The object of the study was dolomite powder, its impact on soil fertility and crop productivity. The combination of mineral fertilizers and dolomite powder improved soil properties, fertility and crop productivity. The application of dolomite powder with mineral fertilizers NPК90 decreased soil density to 1.370 g/cm³ for all crops in a 0-30 cm layer. The application of dolomite powder increased water-stable aggregates for all crops. On average it was 46.1% in the option with mineral fertilizers, it was 1.8% higher than in the option without liming and fertilizers. Dolomite powder had a positive effect at a dose of 9.46 t/ha in the option without mineral fertilizers and at a dose of 12.6 t/ha in the option with mineral fertilizers on the total porosity of 49.5-50.1%. Dolomite powder and mineral fertilizers had a positive impact on crop productivity as well. Average crop productivity in a year: the option with mineral fertilizers and dolomite powder - 10.5 c. f. un. (14.7%), the option without mineral fertilizers - 7.6 c. f. un. (12.0%).

The article addresses the current state of crop production in Russia and Kazakhstan. The dynamics of production of basic crops in 2011-2017 was analyzed. The statistical data on consumption of basic food products in Russian and Kazakhstan were presented. Demand and actual production of food products were revealed: grains, potatoes, vegetable oil, sugar, vegetables, melons, fruit and berries per person per year. After the detailed study on each group, it was found that 80-90% of security hid high variability of the data, as shown in vegetables and melons. Russia ranks first in the world in the production of sugar beets (48.2 million t), barley (20.6 million t), oat (5.5 million t), buckwheat (1.5 million t). The article pays special attention to a competitive advantage. The results achieved make it possible to evaluate the level of competitiveness of crops and determine the impact of various factors on its level. The results of the study can be used in the development of coordinated agricultural and food policy in the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU).