Currently according to the WHO, the number of human infections with antibiotic-resistant pathogenic microorganisms is increasing in all parts of the world to alarming levels, this problem poses one of the greatest threats to humanity, leading to increased mortality, prolonged hospitalization and increased economic costs of treatment. Monitoring of antibiotic resistance of bacteria isolated from raw materials of animal origin is carried out in many countries around the world, including countries in Asia, Africa and South America. The WHO with the support of FAO and OIE has created an open Internet resource “Global Database for Antimicrobial Resistance Country Self Assessment”. The purpose of our research was to monitor the resistance of bacteria isolated from raw materials and products of animal origin, as well as from environmental objects, to antimicrobial drugs that are used in veterinary medicine and are also of great importance for human medicine. 

 Relevance. Currently the working conditions of the veterinary service are changing due to the transition to a new model of market functioning, taking into account organizational optimization and the formation of a system of veterinary entrepreneurship. The production of animal products plays a key role in ensuring the full nutrition of the population of the country, being one of the indicators of the well-being of the nation. The livestock industry has suffered the greatest losses in the process of market reforms, so stimulating its development is one of the most important tasks. In this regard, it is especially important to analyze all the changes that are taking place, to improve approaches to assessing the economic efficiency of the veterinary service, as well as to justify scientific, methodological and practical recommendations for its improvement. At the same time, the economic side of veterinary activity is currently insufficiently studied.

Methods. At the research we used such methods as analysis, synthesis, abstraction, economic and statistical methods and source analysis. The main aspect was monitoring work of the veterinary service and the participation of the state as an industry regulator with the search for ways of development.

Results. After studying work of the veterinary service and the participation of the state as an industry regulator, we see that for the agroindustrial complex modernization can be quickly and fully implemented if we turn to the use of devices, equipment, instruments as a powerful economic resource. These objects are demand by veterinary specialists for technological, veterinary, laboratory and diagnostic purposes, and it’s using occurs consistently in the chain of technological measures for the prevention of epizootics, treatment and diagnosis of animal diseases, as well as for therapeutic and preventive or veterinary and sanitary purposes. It is very important in modern realities to actively modernize and mechanize the production of agricultural products, as well as to prevent and eliminate infectious and mass non-infectious diseases of animals, to ensure maximum safety. 

 Relevance. The work is devoted to the study of the specifics of laboratory research in industrial pig breeding. The aim of the research was to determine the optimal sample sizes and methods of laboratory diagnostics to prevent the introduction of infectious disease agents with imported animals into the herd and a comprehensive assessment of the epizootic situation at the pig breeding enterprise.

Methodology. One of the key points of obtaining reliable laboratory results is the correctly determined sample size during sampling. When monitoring the welfare of imported livestock for infectious diseases, the most reliable studies will be the sampling of all imported animals. If it is not possible to take samples and study all animals when importing livestock, a sample can be used, while it is required to achieve a confidence of at least 95% and take into account that in a population of clinically healthy animals the prevalence of an infectious disease can be at the level of 5% or lower. For a group of 600 animals the sample size is 56. The sample size required to determine the disease in the affected herd was calculated with a similar 95% confidence level, but different disease prevalence levels of 10% (for Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae) and 30% (for Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae). The sample sizes were 30 and 10 samples respectively.

Results. The analysis of the pathogenesis of infections of pigs Mycoplasma
hyopneumoniae and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae showed the risk of  introducing pathogens of these infectious diseases if only serological research methods are used to confirm the well-being of the supplier enterprise and conduct import quarantine. The selection of tissue samples for PCR studies from animals raised at the supplier and sent for slaughter increased the reliability of detecting infected animals. The developed scheme of monitoring studies with the use of ELISA and PCR methods for  porcine circovirus infection (CVIS) allows us to assess the epizootic situation for this disease, predict clinical manifestations and make timely adjustments to the scheme of preventive measures. 

 Relevance. In recent years, there has been an increase and spread of antimicrobialresistant pathogens of bacterial diseases, which are often isolated from broiler chickens with various infectious diseases. In this regard, the rational use of antibiotics and monitoring of antibiotic resistance of the main pathogens of bacterial diseases in birds are of particular importance.

Methods. Laboratory studies were carried out at the FBSI SSC PMB.

Results. In case of pathologies of broiler chickens, the following were isolated from parenchymal organs: E. coli — 51%; Enterococcus spp. — 20%; Staphylococcus spp. — 22% and the remaining bacteria accounted for 9%. When isolated from the sinuses, trachea and brain of broiler chickens: E. coli — 37%; Enterococcus spp. — 29%; Staphylococcus spp. — 21% and other bacteria accounted for 13%. When isolated from joints and tubular bones: E. coli — 49%; Enterococcus spp. — 35%; Staphylococcus spp. — thirteen%. E. coli is in the lead. Staphylococcus spp. and Enterococcus spp. can also be attributed to the main pathogens that cause infectious processes in the body of broiler chickens. Active sensitivity to the main isolated pathogens: E. coli, Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp. showed the monopreparation Floricol®. From complex preparations against E. coli, to Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp. activity was possessed by Clavuksicin®, sensitivity to E. coli, Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp. was registered. Clindaspectin® showed activity against Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp. And Enroflon®K, respectively, against E. coli, Staphylococcus spp. 

 Relevance. Inflammation of the mammary gland — mastitis — in cows is widespread. Of particular danger is subclinical mastitis, which proceeds latently, without visible clinical signs. During one, two or more lactations, subclinical mastitis leads the affected quarter to agalactia and atrophy. Animals that had subclinical mastitis lose milk productivity by an average of 10–15%; along with a decrease in milk secretion in animals with subclinical mastitis, its qualitative characteristics also change.

Materials and methods. The work was carried out in the livestock economy of Dagestan Republic on black-and-white Holsteinized cows aged from three to six years, suffering from subclinical mastitis, in the amount of 42 heads, divided into two groups (experiment and control). The cows of the experimental group (n = 25) were injected intracisternally with Enroflon® gel in dose of 7.5 ml (syringe-dispenser) twice a day for 3–4 days. Control animal (n = 17) were injected into the affected quarter of the udder with Mastisan A in dose of 10 ml once a day until recovery. The diagnosis of the disease was established in accordance with the “Manual on the diagnosis, therapy and prevention of mastitis in cows” (M., 2000). Blood and udder secretions were taken from 5 cows of each group before the administration of the drugs and on the 5th day after the end of treatment for laboratory research. The suprauterine lymph nodes were examined by palpation.

Research results. As a result of production tests, Enroflon® gel showed a high therapeutic efficiency (96,0%), hematological and biochemical parameters of blood and physicochemical — of milk recovered completely on the fifth day after treatment. 

 Relevance. The work is devoted to the study of the therapeutic efficacy of the drug Enroflon® gel on cows of the Holstein-Friesian breed, as well as the Holsteinized black-and-white breed during lactation. The aim of the research was to determine the therapeutic efficacy of Enroflon® gel in the treatment of subclinical and clinical mastitis of bacterial etiology, as well as determination of the residual presence of antibiotics in milk samples from animals subjected to treatment.

Methodology. Production experience to determine the therapeutic effectiveness of clinical (experience 1) and subclinical (experience 2) mastitis was carried out in the conditions of the farm of LLC “Babaevo” of Vladimir region. Two experimental groups of cows with clinical and subclinical mastitis were formed. An industrial experiment to determine the residual amount of enrofloxacin in milk (experiment 3) was carried out in the conditions of the livestock complex of LLC “Lesnye Polyany», Moscow region. An experimental group (experiment 3) of cows with subclinical mastitis was formed. The diagnosis of subclinical mastitis was made on the basis of a diagnostic test for the determination of somatic cells using the Kenotest system. The presence of a residual amount of antibiotic was determined in the Research Laboratory “Milk” of the Federal State Scientific Institution “All-Russian Research Institute of the Dairy Industry”. The complex preparation Enroflon® gel was injected intracisternally into the inflamed lobe of the udder with clinical and subclinical mastitis during lactation. The drug was administered 2 times a day with an interval of 12 hours for 3 days. The investigated drug was produced at LLC “VIC Animal Health”.

Results. In the treatment of clinical (experiment 1) and subclinical  (experiment 2) mastitis in cows using Enroflon® gel the therapeutic effect was 80% and 100% respectively. In laboratory studies of milk samples using the RANDOX matrix biochip technology (experiment 3) no active ingredient, enrofloxacin, was detected in all treated animals 72 hours after the last injection of the drug. 

 In modern conditions of livestock farming diseases of the reproductive organs are widespread. Purulent-catarrhal endometritis is one of the most common complications of the postpartum period. In cows it makes up to 60–90% of all diseases of the genital organs and most often occurs during childbirth and in the postpartum period. The aim of the research is to develop an optimal way to increase the effectiveness of the optimal treatment of cows with postpartum endometritis using antibacterial drugs and a suspension of aspartic acid. It was found that with the introduction of 5–10 ml of aspartic acid simultaneously with Uteroflox a visible therapeutic effect was noted. The therapeutic efficacy of the combined use of Uteroflox with aspartic acid in the treatment of cows with postpartum endometritis is 83.3–87.5%. After its use animals came to hunt at an earlier date and the length of time from calving to the first hunt was reduced by 1–4 days. The effectiveness of the use in the control group of the scheme using only one Uteroflox drug was 60.0%/. 

 The article presents data on the results of production tests of the vaccine against streptococcus of pigs polyvalent inactivated — “VERRES-STREPTO”. The use of the drug under similar conditions of maintenance and feeding allowed to significantly improve such production indicators as safety and average daily growth in the group of vaccinated piglets in comparison with the control. 

 The effect of the feed additive Butitan (Farmatan BCO) on the productive qualities and structure of the intestinal wall of broilers was studied. Daily broilers are divided into groups of 60 heads. The control group received the main diet. The experimental groups received Butitan supplements with the main diet: 1st experimental group — 250 g/t, 2nd experimental — 500 g/t and the third — 750 g/t. The duration of the experiment was 42 days. The live weight and feed 3rd were taken into account. Upon reaching 42 days poultry was slaughtered, anatomical cutting and samples were taken for  histological studies. A chemical analysis of the pectoral and leg muscles was performed. In terms of live weight, the poultry of the experimental groups exceeded the control groups by 7,9% (P ≤ 0.05), 8,2 (P ≤ 0.01) and 8,1% (P ≤ 0.01). At the same time, feed costs per 1 kg of growth are lower by 2,4%; 3,8% and 1,4% respectively in the first, second and third experimental groups. In the experimental groups the weight of the gutted carcass increases by 6,7–15,0%. There is a tendency to increase the fat content in the pectoral muscles of birds of the experimental groups. Histological methods revealed that in the duodenum of broilers, the height of the villi layer and the thickness of the intestinal wall decreased with better preservation of the epithelium and greater severity of the lymphoid tissue. In the jejunum and proximal part of the caecum, the height of the villi layer is higher on average by 11,1 and 19,3%. However, better preservation of the epithelial lining was observed in the jejunum. The villi are involved in the absorption of nutrients and contribute to the effective use of the diet. Therefore, all the experimental groups had a large live weight with lower feed costs compared to the control. 

 Relevance. The problem of clostridia in our country is relevant due to the significant damage to the economy of any enterprise. The fight against clostridiosis is carried out in various directions, including the use of antibacterial drugs. When choosing drugs for antibacterial sanitation, it is advisable to use topical agents (not penetrating into the bloodstream) that are not susceptible to the development of resistance. 

Methods. The studies were carried out randomly on broiler chickens and rearing piglets diagnosed with clostridiosis. In the experimental groups, the antibacterial drug Nozifor (1% nosiheptide) was used for treatment. Therapeutic efficacy was established on the basis of the clinical status of animals and poultry, data from bacteriological studies, dynamics of recovery and weight gain.

Results. The Nozifor preparation, when applied at a dose of 500 g per ton of feed for growing pigs and broilers for 14 days, ensures the eradication of Clostridium perfringens from the intestines and prevents the development of Clostridiosis. Its therapeutic efficacy for clostridiosis at the indicated dose is 100%. The positive effect of the use of the drug Nozifor on the indices of the absolute and average daily gain in live body weight has been established. Nosifor, when taken orally with food, is not absorbed into the systemic circulation, does not accumulate in tissues and organs. 

 The complex application of Ketoquin 10% and Paracetam AVZ preparations, watersoluble vitamin D3, as well as vitamin complexes Volstar or VitOkey in the system of veterinary preventive measures for replacement young stock of breeding poultry, increased the efficiency of hatching eggs production by reducing purchased at the dayold age of males by 30%, minimized their  subsequent culling by 2.2 times, increased safety during rearing by 6.3% and their uniformity in live weight by 15.6%. At the same time, the uniformity of females in live weight increased by 2.3% compared to the control. Due to the synchronization of puberty, the productivity of chickens and the quality of hatching eggs increased. 

 The article summarizes data on the development of post-vaccination immune response. The characteristic features of the main types of vaccine preparations are given. 

 The article presents data on the results of assessing the intensity and duration of the immune response in piglets to the introduction of inactivated marked vaccine against Aujeszky’s disease in comparison with similar indicators for immunization with live labeled and inactivated unlabeled vaccines. Immunization with an inactivated marked vaccine induced the production of virus neutralizing antibodies at a high level. 

 Relevance. Rabbits have great reproductive and productive potential. In the industrial (conveyor) system of rabbit production, the brood stock of the rabbit farm is divided into production groups and artificially inseminated on a strictly fixed day of the week on the 4th or (more often) 11th day of lactation. Only clinically healthy and well-fed females are allowed to insemination. It is shown that with an intensive rate of reproduction of the  herd from one rabbit, it is possible to receive from 40...55 to 60...65 weaned rabbits and produce up to 120 kg of rabbit meat annually.

Methods. The technological processes and practical possibilities of the method of artificial insemination of rabbits are considered and analyzed.

Results. Work on artificial insemination of rabbits is carried out in the  following order: collecting semen from the bucks, assessing the quality of ejaculate, diluting and short-term storing sperm in vitro, stimulating sexual activity and diagnosing the sexual receptivity of suckling female rabbits, intravaginal insemination of does with hormonal induction of ovulation. Sperm from male rabbits is obtained on a receptive female with the help of an artificial vagina: two ejaculates collected once a week with an interval of at least 15 min. The process of collecting semen on an artificial vagina takes average 26.2 seconds. After macro-and microscopic evaluation, the ejaculate is diluted 1:5...1:10 with a medium based on Tris-or Hepes-buffer. For dilution and short-term storage of sperm directly in the farm environment (up to 24...48 hours), ready-to-use commercial extenders are also used (for example, Lepus®, Cortalap®, Merk III®, Formula® etc.). The selection of rabbits for insemination is carried out according to the signs of estrus and sexual reaction of the female to the male. 48 hours before the planned insemination, all suckling rabbits of the production group are injected with  the gonadotropic drug folligon (at a dose of 20 IU). Exogenous gonadotropic stimulation induces cyclic growth of follicles, synchronizes the manifestation of sexual activity in rabbits of the production group, improves reproductive efficiency of rabbit does in term of fecundity (fertility and prolificacy). The technique of artificial insemination of rabbits is quite simple. Using a semi-automatic syringe with a removable disposable sterile catheter, sperm is inserted deeply into the rabbit vagina in a volume of 0.5 ml. With an effective organization of work, an insemination technician and an assistant can inseminate up to 150 female rabbits in 1 hour (with simultaneous hormonal induction of ovulation).Good results, almost as with natural insemination, are obtained when using freshly obtained diluted or diluted chilled sperm for insemination with a shelf life of up to 6 ... 12 hours. 

 The article presents the test results of the new functional feed additive — Bioprotectin FA. The use of the developed functional feed additive in the conditions of the livestock complex of the Belgorod region made it possible to improve such production indicators as safety, average daily growth and dairy productivity in experimental groups of animals compared to control ones.