The article shows the results of the study on amino acid and fatty acid content in meat of 38-day-old and 49-day-old broiler chickens after cage rearing and floor rearing. There was established that on 38 day of the cage rearing, the amino acid content was higher than after the floor rearing. The number of amino acids did not significantly differ between the red and white meat after the cage rearing, however, the content of isoleucine, leucine, valine, phenylalanine in the white meat was 1.2% higher after the cage rearing. On 49 day, the content of these amino acids decreased by 1.2% both in red and white meat after the cage rearing. The results of the study on fatty acid content in poultry (breast, thigh) after the cage rearing and floor rearing did not show any significant differences in the composition of 35 saturated fatty acid, but there were revealed differences in the content of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids in the red and white meat. It indicates that the fatty acid content mainly depends on meat type (red or white) postmortem enzymatic lipase (lipolysis) or dehydratase (hydrogen abstraction with increasing number of double bonds) activity and to a lesser extent on poultry rearing (fattening periods and rearing technique).

TThe article presents the results of the experiment on the application of the mineral additive with A, D, E vitamins in the diets of lactating cows at the same level of the exchange energy. The complex mineral additive consisted of smectite tripoli with Si, Ti, Al, Fe, Mn, Ca, Mg, Na, K, P elements and A, D, E vitamins, the additive was prepared at LLC "AIP-Phosphates”. The diet of the lactating cows included 300 g of the mineral additive per animal per day. The milk yield in the test group during the experiment increased by 136.8 kg (10.67%) in comparison with the control group. Against the background of the scientific and economic experience, there was conducted a study on digestibility of nutrients and the use of calcium and phosphorus in lactating cows. The analysis of digestibility coefficients of the main nutrients after application of the mineral additive via feed showed that, the additive had been the most effective in the digestibility of crude fiber and fat in the gastrointestinal tract. The exertion of calcium via milk in the test group increased by 11% and phosphorus - by 9.15%.

A study on the effect of the SPAO-complex on the gross output of meat, its qualitative indicators determining the efficiency of pharmacological anti-tress therapy was performed at the industrial site of the broiler poultry farm, the SPAO-complex was used at a dose of 185 mg/kg bw for 4 days at the final stage of fattening period. We used our own methods for economic evaluation of anti-stress therapy at the final stage of the bird rearing which was adapted to poultry farming and based on general principles of determination of economic efficiency of veterinary activities. Despite of the high price of the SPAO-complex, its efficiency was justified by a high economic result. A unique mechanism of drug effect led to safety and growth of body weight at the final stage of fattening period. The anti-stress activity of the complex reduced traumatism, had a positive effect on the product quality, the index of the first-grade meat output increased by 5-7%. Due to the fact that the use of the SPAO-complex contributed to the achievement of a high economic result by increasing the product quantity or improving its quality, it profited from 1.17 to 1.37 rubles per every ruble of veterinary costs provided. The developed algorithm for calculating the economic efficiency of the impact of anti-stress activity is based on the application of a variable set of production indicators, it has practical importance, since it allows efficient management of material resources with increased veterinary costs during the production of poultry.

In connection with monoculture, globalization and intensification of agriculture, migratory beekeeping is becoming increasingly important. The use of the mobile cassette pavilions has a number of advantages for mobile apiaries. Cassettes and risers are produced with the use of high density fiberboard and polyethylene terephthalate. New materials have impact on the temperature and humidity regime and on the safety of bees in the nest. The theory of wintering is one of the most difficult and key issues in practical beekeeping. The researchers addressed the issues on thermophysical processes of formation of bee cluster, the stationary condition of the temperature field inside it, the dynamics of thermogenesis of the bees in hives of various systems during the wintering. The comparative study established that the wintering of bees in cassette risers with a metal mesh door was more profitable in comparison with the door made of PET film. The number of dead bees in the cassette pavilions with the metal mesh door during the wintering was less, it was confirmed by the average daily weight of dead bees, which amounted to 0.62 g, in the control group this indicator was 0.85 g. The optimal temperature range in the nest of the 2 group during the wintering was 7.71 °C, in the control group this indicator was 2.04 °C higher. The humidity in the cassette hives with metal mesh door had the lowest (71.28%) indicators in comparison with the control group (87.17%). In the 1 control group, where the bee colonies were kept in standard wooden cassette hives with doors of polyethylene film, there was observed mold, feed souring, the consumption of which led to an increase in the bee mortality rate.

The article presents the results of the study conducted in the arid steppes of the Volga region. The study showed that ecological tension related to moisture deficit and loss of soil fertility could be reduced through development of adaptive-landscape systems of agriculture including windbreaks, cultivated plants with environment-forming capacities and cultivation technology in crop rotation. The adaptive-landscape system gives a possibility to develop modern competitive technologies for winter wheat cultivation. Through all years of the research the nitrate nitrogen content in unfertilized cultivated chernozem varied insignificantly, it demonstrated the stability of nitrogen stocks in arid steppes, which indicated stable accumulation of nitrate nitrogen due to nitrification processes, though fertilizers were not used. The largest amount of nitrate nitrogen accumulated in the fallow field with minor variations in cultivation options, both with the use of fertilizers as spring top dressing, and without them. The content of available phosphorus and exchange potassium in both options varied within the optimal values. The winter wheat yield increased as the distance of crops from the forest belt decreased. Shallow plowing along with deep plowing with or without spring nitrogen fertilizers was also effective in cultivation of winter wheat. The energy efficiency ratio after the shallow plowing without fertilizers at 130 m distance from forest belt was 5.90, 70 m distance - 6.32, 10 m distance - 8.40; with fertilizers - 5.12, 5.58, 7.10, respectively, deep plowing without fertilizers - 4.75, 5.66, 7.27; with fertilizers - 4.66; 5.28; 6.46.

The article is devoted to the problem of food security. In Kyrgyzstan, crops are cultivated in different soil and climatic zones, both in irrigated and non-irrigated lands located above 500 to 2000 m altitude, where the total precipitation is 200-800 mm per year. In this regard, it is necessary to create drought-heat-tolerant, highly productive grain varieties with high economically valuable properties of grain. This requires a diverse gene pool, which serves as the initial material in the breeding of such varieties. In this regard, we used a variety of genetic resources of both cultural and wild plants. Interspecific hybridization was carried out in order to create an initial material for the breeding of cereal crops for drought tolerance. In hybridization, the species belonging to the family of Poaceaе Triticum aestivum, Aegilops сylindrica, Agropyrum Repens and Triticale were used. When creating interspecific hybrid forms, methods of traditional plant breeding and biotechnology were applied. Hybridization was carried out under field and in vitro conditions. 12 day old embryos, obtained after hybridization in the field, were transplanted to the Murashige-Skoga culture medium for further cultivation. In the in vitro hybridization, callus tissues of various sizes were obtained. For the regeneration all hybrid forms were cultivated under controlled conditions. The forms obtained will be used to increase the yield of cereal crops in the rainfed areas of the Kyrgyz Republic. This research is carried out according to the grant project of the Science Department of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Kyrgyz Republic on the topic «Use of biotechnological methods in wheat breeding for drought tolerance» and the Kyrgyz-Turkish University «Manas».

TThe aim of the research is to determine the effectiveness of the separate and cumulative effects of pre-sowing soil cultivation and seed sowing for the formation of highly productive agrocenoses of alfalfa after irrigation in the plains of Dagestan. The research was conducted on meadow chestnut, heavy loam soil in a two-factor field experiment on three methods for pre-sowing soil cultivation and three seed sowing rates: 7.5,10.0 and 12.5 million pcs/ha. There was established that the best method for postharvest cultivation had been a harrowing with spike-tooth harrow for two times followed by leveling the surface of the land with the MB-6 land leveler and postseeding rolling. After this technique the field germination was 40.7%, alfalfa formed one harvest by the third decade of September with the yield of 6.5 t/ha, the next year - 21.4 t/ha, the third year - 22.3 t/ha. The two-fold cultivation with disk harrow and field cultivator in the aggregate with tooth harrow reduced field germination to 27.8 and 24.6%, respectively, the yield of alfalfa in year of seeding to 4.4 and 3.9 t/ha, the second year - to 15.0 and 13.3 t/ha, the third year - to 15.8 and 13.7 t/ha. An increase in the seeding rate from 7.5 to 10.0 million pcs/ha increased the yield of alfalfa by 9.3, to 12.5 million pcs/ha - by 19.5. An exception was the pre-sowing cultivation with tooth harrow, where an increase of the norm of 7.5 million pcs/ha was followed by an increase in the yield.

The results of the 2-year field experiments on post-emergence herbicides and their tank mixtures are given: Gorgon, 50% VRK (MCPA 350 g/L + picloram - 150 g/L) - 0.17 L/ha + Magnum Super, 75% VDG (tributuron-methyl - 450 g/kg + metsulfuron-methyl-300g/kg) - 0.012kg/ha, Deimos, 48% VRK(dicamba - 480 g/L) - 0.2 L/ha + Magnum Super, 75% VDG - 0.012 kg/ha, Balerina, 41.7% SE (2,4-D ester-410 g/L + 7.4 g/L florasulam) - 0.4 L/ha + Magnum Super, 75% VDG - 0.012 kg/ha, and factory products: Derby 175, 17.5% SK (flumetsulam - 100 g/L + florasulam - 75 g/L) - 0.07 L/ha, Lancelot 450, 45% VDG (aminopyralide 300 g/kg + florasulam - 150 g/kg) - 0.033 kg/ha used to reduce weed infestation of crops spring barley and to increase its yield. The crops were infested with 9 kinds of annual dicotyledonous weeds (Chenopodium album, Galeopsis, Amaranthus retroflexus, Fallopia convolvulus, Persicaria lapathifolia, Galium aparine, Stellaria media, Viola arvensis) up to 82 pcs/m² and two kinds of perennial dicotyledonous weeds (Sonchus arvensis, Cirsium arvense) - up to 10 pcs/m². There was established that the tested preparations successfully reduced weed infestation with annual dicotyledonous weeds by 97% and perennial dicotyledonous weeds by 94% and increased the yields by 5.8-7.5 c/ha.

Due to the data obtained from agrochemical research on the tilth-top soil of the reference sites, the zinc content was low. During the 20-year research it has been decreasing. In 1994, this indicator was 0.92 mg/kg in 16 sites, in 2015 it was 0.42. This regularity was observed in all sited during all the periods of the research. The research on the zinc content in gross forms in the soil of reference sites and deposits showed that during the whole period there was a decrease both in upper and lower layers of the soil profile. In all studied arable areas and deposits the highest zinc content was in the upper layers (0-20). In 1999, the gross content of zinc in the layer of 0 to 20 cm was 42.9 mg/kg, in the layer of 40-60 cm - 42,7 mg/kg, in the layer of 80-100 cm - 41.9 mg/kg, in 2014 it was 34.5, 30,7,25.4 mg/kg, respectively. The zinc content was less in the top soil than in the arable land. Thus, the study revealed a low content of available zinc in the tilth-top soil. There was a further decrease both in arable and in the underlying layers of the soil profile in the reference sites. Zinc content in primary and secondary products varied from crop to crop and did not exceed MAC.

The results of the three-year research on growing seed potato are presented. The research showed that different combinations of chelated fertilizers with microelements, amino acids and sticking agent increased the number of mini tubers of Meteor, Udacha, Red Scarlette, Bryansky delikates and Krasavchik varieties (10.2-56.2 pcs/m²) in comparison with the control. The increased number (30.4-56.2 pcs/m²) of mini tubers of the mentioned varieties was observed after the application of Izagri Phosphorus (0.5 ml/m²) - into the soil before seeding the plants, Izagri Phosphorus (0.3 ml/m²) - during the bud-formation period, Isagri Potassium (0.3 ml/m²) - during the accumulation. Less significant yield (except for Krasavchik variety) was observed after the application of Isagri Phosphorus (0.3 ml/m²) - during the bud-formation period, Isagri Potassium (0.3 ml/m²) - during the accumulation. The application of liquid chelated fertilizers increased the output of 7-60 mm mini tubers. In comparison with the control an increase in the output of mini tubers of Meteor, Udacha, Red Scarlette, Bryansky delikates and Krasavchik varieties was 5.4-50.6 psc/m² depending on the test variant. The output of mini tubers per bush showed the similar regularity. An increase in the number of mini tubers after the application of chelated fertilizers was 0.2-2.8 pcs/bush in comparison with the control. The application of liquid chelated fertilizers increased the mass output of 7-60 mm mini tubers. The weight of one tuber of Udacha variety increased by 2.9-6.9 g depending on the test variant. The other varieties showed a decrease in the weight of one tuber. Thus to increase the potato yield, output of 7-60 mm tubers, it is reasonable to use different combinations of Isagri Phosphorus (0.5 ml/m²) - into the soil before seeding, spraying with Isagri Phosphorus (0.3 ml/m²) - during the budformation period and Isagri Potassium (0.3 ml/m²) - during the accumulation.

The development of agricultural production these days involves an innovative approach to solving complex problem of the agro-industrial complex. The most important direction of mechanization of grain processing is the development of coolers operating at a qualitatively new level. To create the basis for the improvement of such devices, a review and analysis of grain chillers were performed. Scientists have investigated the process of chilling grain in a dense layer, vibro-liquefied layer and under the air flow. Indicators of quality of the chillers were defined. Theoretical relations describing these processes were found. Positive and negative characteristics of the devices providing their functioning were revealed. Indicators of quality of work of devices for cooling of grain are defined. Found theoretical relations describing these processes. Positive and negative characteristics of the devices providing their functioning are revealed. The intensification of the heat exchange by increasing the speed of air flow around the grain was considered as a most effective method.

To avoid damage, there is a need to select the main parameters and operating modes of the conveyors correctly and take into account the characteristics of the product that is being transported. The goal is to establish analytical relationships that allow describing the interaction of tubers with the working bodies of conveyors, which are also necessary for calculating the parameters of quenching devices that increase the operation of conveyors. In order to improve the methods for calculating the operating modes of belt conveyors, the article theoretically analyzes the rolling-slip of a spherical ball, which is approximated by the body, along a moving inclined plane (blade) with a variable angle of inclination and along a moving curved surface (tape). The obtained analytical dependences describing rolling kinematics with slip of a tuber approximated by a ball-shaped body along the blade and tape can be used to substantiate fast and slow operating modes and associated parameters of belt conveyors used in potato storage and potato sorted points. When the parameters and operating modes of the conveyors with these extinguishing devices have been justified, the relative speed and movement of the tuber along the lobe should be taken into account.

The article reflects the results of experiments on growing rootstones of stone fruits (peach, nectarine, almonds) GF 677 and Garnem in the Guba-Khachmaz region of the Republic of Azerbaijan. Important aspects of all stages of technology are highlighted: selection of the original plant material for micropropagation in vitro; micropropagation proper; growing plants in the open field. The works were carried out according to the micropropagation technique of the Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics of the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (1992) with innovations concerning the sterilization of explants and hormonal effects. Thus, an ideal sterilization scheme for the initial material was developed, which used a 15% solution of sodium hypochlorite as a sterilizing substance. Explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/l BAP and 0.02 mg/l NAA. And for the stage of rhizogenesis, a nutrient medium was used with a concentration of 1/2 of macro- and microsalt concentration in MS, with the addition of 0.5 mg/l IBA. The resulting regenerating plants were planted in the first field of the nursery, which was laid using the technology of two-line growth of rootstocks on a black opaque mulching film. At the same time, the width of the ridges and the distance between the ridges were 50 sm. Also, a suitable irrigation system was provided for the good development of rootstocks in vitro - drip irrigation. The percentage of adapted rootstocks three months after disembarkation was 95%. The use of the technological recommendations developed by us will increase the coefficient and speed of reproduction of rootstocks, improve their quality, which will positively affect the gardening of the region and the republic as a whole.