To increase the rating, publication activity and quality of published research of the journal «Agrarian Science», some indicators of the journal’s publication activity for 2022 are presented and an assessment of its change for the period 2022-2023 is given in this article. During this period, the composition of the editorial board has significantly expanded, which has a positive effect on the capabilities of the board and will expand the coverage of scientific fields published in the journal. In 2022 and 2023, 248 scientific articles were published in the journal “Agricultural Science” in four sections presented in the journal (“Agronomy”, “Animal Science and Veterinary”, “Agroengineering and Food Technologies”, “Economics”). The average number of authors in 2023 decreased by 0.5 — from 3.7 to 3.2. A decrease in this indicator positively indicates an increase in the “weigh” of each author in the article. Publication activity of foreign authors decreased from 12 to 6%. To return and increase the level of publication activity in foreign languages, measures will be taken to attract foreign scientists to publications. Over the period 2022–2022, the average number of citations in bibliographic lists of scientific articles increased from 17.0 to 17.2. We will increase this indicator to increase the scientific credibility of published studies.

Relevance. The problem of listeriosis infection continues to be relevant in epizootology and epidemiology. Resistance to eradication of Listeria spp. due to the ability of the bacterium to adapt and persist in various environments, as well as its intracellular location and weak intracellular diffusion of some antibiotics. Listeriosis refers to saprozoonoses, listeria often seed food products. As a pathogen of animal origin, Listeria is of concern not only from the point of view of public health and biosafety of products, but also as a causative agent of animal disease, leading to serious economic losses. The haphazard use of antibiotics to combat listeriosis has led to a change in the background of drug sensitivity. The aim of the work was to determine the antibiotic resistance of topical listeria strains and their sensitivity to bacteriophages to substantiate the prospects of phage treatments in the fight against listeriosis infection.

Methods. The methodology is based on routine bacteriological studies, spot tests and sensitivity determination by the disco-diffusion method with 132 Listeria spp pathogens.

Results. Multiple antibiotic resistance to fosfomycin, meropenem, cefotaxime, bacitracin, tylosin, cephalexin, polymyxin-B, lincomycin, benzylpenicillin, cefpirom, cefaclor and other drugs was noted. Listeria phagolysis was established by bacteriophages of our collection Lm1 (97.70%), Lm2 (96.20%). These bacteriophages are deposited in the collection of the Federal Scientific Centre VIEV. Thus, the aim of the study was to expand knowledge about listeriosis bacteriophages and their use as an effective method of prevention, treatment and control of listeriosis infections in the food and livestock industry.

Relevance. Animal chlamydia is widespread throughout the world. Chlamydia infection affects animals, birds, fish, reptiles, as well as humans. Causes significant economic damage to livestock farms. Difficulties in diagnosis are associated with pronounced polymorphism of clinical manifestations. According to the order of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation of December 19, 2011 No. 476, chlamydia and enzootic abortion of sheep are included in the list of contagious, including especially dangerous, animal diseases, for which restrictive measures (quarantine) can be established. The purpose of our work is to analyze the epizootic situation for chlamydia in animals and birds on the territory of the Russian Federation for the period from 2019 to 2022.

Methods. Based on the data obtained from official reports in the 4-vet (annual) form for 2019–2021, an analysis of the epizootic situation and the prevalence of chlamydia in animals and birds in the Russian Federation was carried out.

Results. Epizootological monitoring is carried out in all subjects of the Russian Federation. For the period from 2019 to 2021, the State Veterinary Service examined 2 750 726 different biological and pathological materials. There were 11 970 positive results (0.4%) in all federal districts. The highest percentage of positive results was found among pets (dogs and cats). The most informative biological materials for testing for chlamydia are swabs from the mucous membranes and pathological material. The detection rate of positive results using PCR is higher than that of serological methods

Relevance. In the Caspian region of Russia, blood parasitic diseases are one of the most common diseases of cattle, which cause significant economic damage to livestock farms due to reduced productivity and death of animals. According to natural and climatic conditions and zonal features, the Republic of Dagestan is a favorable habitat for ixodic mites, the main carriers of pyroplasmidosis pathogens, in particular Theileria annulata. In spring, cattle with impaired resistance, weakened after wintering, are seriously ill with pyroplasmidosis, especially teileriosis, after getting over the gum, rumination, intestinal work, milk yield, and general reaction to the environment recover to physiological norm for a long time. In this regard, further improvement of existing and the search for new methods that ensure maximum conservation of animals from these invasions, with minimal effort and money, remains an urgent task. The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of “Delagil” in the combined use of “Ursoferanforte” in spontaneous bovine taileriosis.

Methods. Methods for determining therapeutic efficacy were formed by experimental and control groups of 30 heads of different ages with spontaneous tayleriosis in varying degrees of severity of the disease with a temperature reaction within 40.4 ± 0.03 — 41.5 ± 0.09 °C, parasitemia — 5.47 ± 0.3 — 25.18 ± 0.31% in 100 fields of view of the microscope. In the control group, “Delagil” was used in its pure form at a dose of 2 g / 100 kg (20 mg / kg by DV) (orally) with water in the form of a suspension. In the experimental group, treatment was carried out comprehensively — “Delagil” in the indicated doses in combination with the drug “Ursoferan-forte” in a dose of 10–25 ml (once, intramuscularly).

Results. The use of antimalarial “Delagil” in combination with the drug “Ursoferan-forte” (in combination) increases the effectiveness to 93.3% and avoids significant economic losses. Currently, the safety of susceptible animals from teileriosis is becoming possible with the combined use of chemotherapeutic drugs.

A special place among environmental factors affecting the body of animals is occupied by microorganisms— pathogens of infectious diseases. In this regard, the problem of circulation of associations of conditionally pathogenic microorganisms capable of causing a fairly wide range of pathologies in cattle in cattle is acute. The article provides a study of the microbial background of the vaginal-luminous contents selected in the acute purulent-catarrhal postpartum endomethry in cows. It was shown that 58 strains of opportunistic microorganisms of 13 species, classified into 6 genera, were isolated from 20 cows suffering from acute purulent catarrhal endometritis. The most frequently isolated cultures were St. aureus, E. coli (serotypes O4, O9 and O83), Str. pyogenes, Str. agalactiae, P. aeruginosa, Str. uberis and Str. faecalis. Moreover, the development of acute purulent-catarrhal endometritis in cows was more often caused by grampositive bacteria. Of the 58 isolated strains of microorganisms, 22 (37.9%) cultures caused the death of white mice when administered intraperitoneally. At the same time, gram-positive cocci were more likely to have pathogenic properties, namely representatives of the genera Streptococcus spp. (11 — 50.0%) and Staphylococcus spp. (6 — 27.3%) isolates, respectively. It was found that endometritis more often causes associations of opportunistic microorganisms, which included three joints in 14 (50.0%) cases, less often four joints in 7 (25.0%) cases. The isolated microorganisms were sensitive to only three antibacterial drugs: cefkin, cefepime and marbofloxacin.

The paper presents the results of a study of the influence of adaptogens of plant and animal nature on the productive qualities of Kazakh white-headed bulls and morphological changes in their liver. 40 6-month-old beef bulls were selected for the study, which were divided into 4 groups: I (control) group of bulls consumed only the basic diet, II — adaptogen leucea safflower, III — drone homogenate, IV — pantocrine at the rate of 0.01 ml per 1 kg of animal body weight. At 18 months, a control slaughter of 3 animals from each group was carried out. During the experiment, it was found that the mass of the paired carcass in the bulls of the experimental groups increased by 11.1–21.7 kg (4.25–8.31%, р ≤ 0.05), the slaughter weight by 11.7–23.0 kg (4.24–8.34%, р ≤ 0.05–0.01), the slaughter yield by 0.9–1.9%. The analysis of the morphological composition of the carcass indicates an increase in the specific weight of its edible part of the carcass: by weight of muscle tissue by 4.0–7.7 kg (4.66–8.97%, р ≤ 0.05–0.01), fat — by 0.7–1.4 kg (4.67–9.33%, р ≤ 0.05). There is a high degree of maturity and high nutritional value of the meat of bulls of the experimental groups. Histological studies of the liver of bull calves indicate that when using tincture from drones, the liver structure corresponds to the norm, while in the control group animals some signs of dystrophic changes without pronounced infiltrations and signs of stagnation were found.

Relevance. The use of probiotics for health benefits is becoming popular because of the quest for safer products with protective and therapeutic effects against diseases and infectious agents. The emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance among pathogens had prompted restrictions over the nontherapeutic use of antibiotics for prophylaxis and growth promotion, especially in animal husbandry. While single-strain probiotics are beneficial to health, multi-strain probiotics might be more helpful because of synergy and additive effects among the individual isolates.

Methods. In this study, the effectiveness of the multi-strain probiotic Natupro on pathogenic bacterial strains (Escherichia coli 320, Salmonella typhimurium 415, Staphylococcus aureus 12600, Streptococcus uberis 700407, Klebsiella pneumoniae 13883, Listeria monocitogenes 766/20) in vitro was studied.

Results. According to the results of the work carried out, it was found that the bacterial strains in Natupro® exhibit lytic activity against pathogenic strains of Salmonella typhimurium 415 and Klebsiella pneumoniae 13883 and have a bacteriostatic effect on Escherichia coli strain 320 and Salmonella typhimurium 415.

Relevance. The broad use of antimicrobials by agriculture and consumers motivation to buy antibiotic-free production form a basis to development of substitutes to antimicrobials. The goal of research was the analysis of antimicrobial resistance caused by veterinary antimicrobials administration to broilers, as well as the effect of metaprobiotic “Probiocid-Ultra” on antimicrobial resistance in dynamic.

Methods. Three groups of broiler chickens were formed: I — control, who received the main diet, II — experimental, who received veterinary antibiotics enrofloxacin and colistin in addition to the diet of group I, III — experimental, who received the metaprobiotic “Probiocide-Ultra” in addition to the diet of group II. Gene expression analysis was performed using quantitative reverse transcription PCR. With inoculation to different media the antimicrobial resistance was examined with classical microbiological methods.

Results. The dynamic of accumulation of antimicrobial resistance determinants caused by enrofloxacin and colistin administration to broilers was examined. Under the influence of enrofloxacin the increase in antimicrobial resistance to enrofloxacin itself, as well as to beta-lactams, tetracycline and colistin was observed. Under the influence of colistin the increase in antimicrobial resistance to colistin itself, as well as to enrofloxacin and beta-lactams was observed. The feed administration with metaprobiotic “Probiocid-Ultra” promoted noticeable decrease of the antimicrobial resistance genes amount, when analyzed with growth medium led to antimicrobial resistant enterobacteria vanished.

Relevance. Currently, in the Sverdlovsk region, more than 75% of the total number of cattle belongs to the Holstein breed, created by absorbing domestic black-and-white cattle into Holsteins. The study of the variability of the productive qualities of cows during lactation is important for identifying the possibility of increasing productive longevity and the efficiency of breeding and using Holstein cattle of the Ural selection in the conditions of the Middle Urals.

Methods. The study was conducted in one of the typical livestock complexes of the Holstein black-and white cattle breed in the Sverdlovsk region. All cows that completed four lactation periods were included in the assessment. Milk productivity was assessed by control milks, milk quality indicators: MJ and MDB in milk in an average milk sample from each cow, once a month correlation coefficients between productive characteristics were calculated in the Uralplemcenter dairy laboratory. The automated program “SELEX. Dairy cattle.”

Results. As a result of the conducted studies, it was found that significantly more milk was produced from age-and-sex cows during the third lactation than during the first and second, as well as the fourth lactation (p ≤ 0.01 — for the first, p ≤ 0.05 — for the second and fourth). The live weight significantly increased with age in the second lactation at p ≤ 0.01 relative to the first, and from the third onwards — at p ≤ 0.001 relative to the first lactation. There is a tendency to decrease the mass fraction of fat (MJ) in milk and a simultaneous increase in MDB with age from the first to the fourth lactation. When carrying out breeding work, it is possible to take into account the positive correlation coefficients for predicting the further milk productivity of cows according to the milk yield of the first heifers, the invariance of milk quality indicators with changes in milk yield and the positive effect of live weight of cows on their productivity. The research is exploratory and was carried out within the framework of scientific research of the Ural State Agrarian University (state registration No. AAAA19-1191014000069).

Relevance. The results of a study of the consumption and use of dietary nutrients by purebred and crossbred rams are presented.

Methodology. To conduct the study, experimental groups of rams were formed from newborn young animals: I— Romanovskaya breed, II— 1/2Romanovskaya × 1/2edilbai, III— × 1/4Romanovskaya × 3/4edilbai. To study the consumption and use of nutrients in the diet, a balance experiment was carried out using the VIZh method (A.I. Ovsyannikov, 1976).

Results. It has been established that crossbred young animals consume and use the nutrients of the diet most intensively. It is enough to note that the coefficient of digestibility of nutrients by young animals of the experimental group III was higher than by young animals of groups I and II, on average by 0.3–1.75. The results obtained indicate that crossbred young animals of groups II and III made better use of dietary nutrients than purebred peers. At the same time, crossbred young animals of group III were characterized by a better ability to digest nutrients in diets.

Relevance. The uniqueness of the practical application of accelerated and environmentally safe technology for the reclamation of oil–polluted lands, which uses local mineral raw materials, a consortium of autochthonous hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria with multifunctional positive properties, effective phytomeliorants, is theoretically substantiated. Hydrocarbon pollution is eliminated directly at the spill site, and the rate ofreturn of disturbed soils to agricultural circulation is 3–4 times faster than traditional methods.

Methods. Objects of research: mechanically activated bentopowder and nanobentonite, a consortium of hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria composed of three autochthonous strains, soil leached chernozem, spring wheat, Devonian oil. The concentration of oil pollution at the site was 6.4%. Bentopowder and nanobentonite were introduced in doses of 6.0 t/ha and 0.3 t/ha, respectively. Sampling was carried out with a sampler on the 0th, 15th, 30th, and 90th days.

Results. The optimal doses of application of bento powder and nano bentonite to disturbed soil above the average pollution level (6.0 t/ha and 0.3 t/ha respectively) are recommended. After 15 days, the level of contamination is halved (to 51.1 g/kg and 40.8 g/kg with benton powder and nanobentonite respectively). Removal of the introduced mineral sorbent is not required, since it later becomes a source of mineral nutrition for autochthonous microorganisms-destructors and a soil improver. At the second innovative stage, a consortium formed from effective strains and adapted to specific conditions is used. The strains of the consortium fit into an ecological niche, adapt and begin to actively develop, utilizing oil and petroleum products. After a month, the level of contamination decreases to 19.2 g/kg and 9.2 g/kg with the addition of benton powder and nanobentonite respectively.

Relevance. Natural meadow communities, belonging to the dry meadows group, in the conditions of a decrease in floodplain of the leading water artery in the Bryansk region — the Desna River are characterized by significant changes in the mode of economic use. However, a significant part of dry meadows is used as pasture lands, so the regime of intensive exploitation of these lands significantly changes the ecological regimes of phytocenoses, reducing the carbon-depositing functions. For xerophytic (dry) meadows of natural origin, the establishment of soil carbon reserves, the identification of biochemical and microbiological activity is especially important in the light of the low stability of these communities under pasture load and wide distribution throughout the territory of the Middle Podesen’ya.

Methods. The research provided for field route studies and in-house data processing using the methods of trial sites, the method of ecological and floral classification, the method of ecological scales (according to G. Ellenberg), ecological and chemical methods — determination of organic carbon, the weight method, biochemical and microbiological methods for the study of the biocompatible body.

Results. For the soils of xerophytic (dry) meadows, for the first time, carbon-absorbing capacity, enzymatic activity for urease, catalase, cellulase, depending on the phytocenotic complex, has been established for the Middle Podesen’ya. A positive strong correlation has been established with organic carbon and average monthly precipitation in June, July and August. Over a two-year observation period, the amount of total organic carbon in the soil changed in a number of associations communities: Festuco ovinae-Koelerium delavignei > control > Agrimonio eupatoriae-Poetum angustifoliae > Caro carvi-Deschampsietum > Anthoxantho-Agrostietum tenuis > Hieracio pilosellae-Agrostietum tenuis > Koelerio delavignei-Festucetum rubrae > Anthyllidi-Trifolietum montani > Polygalo vulgaris-Anthoxanthoetum.

Relevance. Determination of the parameters of stability and ecological plasticity of winter grain crops allows us to assess their adaptability and objectively characterize the practical value.

Methods. The ecological plasticity and stability of winter grain crops (winter rye Secale cereale L., winter wheat Triticum aestivum L. and winter triticale Triticosecale) were assessed by grain yield. For the study, statistical data on yields in 2012–2021 in 54 municipal districts of the Republic of Bashkortostan were used. Yield stability was assessed by calculating the coefficient of variation (Cv) and mean square deviation of yield σ_d²), ecological plasticity — by calculating the yield regression coefficient (bi).

Results. Winter grain crops on the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan have different stability and ecological plasticity. Winter rye has relatively high stability (Cv 34.03% and σ_d² 4.28) and lower ecological plasticity (bi 0.77), low stability (Cv 42.35% and σ_d² 8.11) and high plasticity (bi 1.24) — winter wheat. Winter triticale occupies an intermediate position between winter rye and winter wheat. Identical reaction of winter grain crops to changes in soil and climatic conditions (place of cultivation) and agrometeorological conditions (year of cultivation). Winter wheat responds more negatively to deteriorating conditions and positively to improvements in soil-climatic (bi 1.17) and agrometeorological conditions (bi 1.21) than winter rye (0.78 and 0.79, respectively) and winter triticale (1.05 and 1.00, respectively).

Relevance. Among the pathogenic microflora of cereals, seed infection occupies the most important place, in this regard, the search for any ways to reduce it is very relevant.

Methods. The research was conducted at the VSRISSG — Branch of SamSC RAS on seeds of 3 varieties of winter soft wheat of 2020 harvest, selected at different stages of harvesting and post-harvest grain processing: from ears before harvesting, from the harvested crop from under the combine and after grain processing on the seed cleaning machine Petkus К-531. Seed infestation was determined according to GOST 12044-93. After identification of phytopathogenic fungi, their percentage frequency of occurrence and relative abundance were calculated.

Results. Seed infestation after combine harvesting increased for all varieties on average by 9.2%, and after grain treatment on Petkus — by 6.2% compared to seeds sampled from ears. The saturation of crop rotations with cereals from 30 to 50% lead to an 8.7% decrease in the number of healthy seeds in the samples (from 37.0 to 28.3%). Seeds were most often infected by fungi causing moulds with the frequency of occurrence from 32.9 to 39.1% and relative prevalence from 40.8 to 55.2% depending on the stage of harvesting. Moreover, the content of this group of mushrooms decreased during harvesting (compared with grain from ears) by 6.2% after harvesting by a combine harvester and by 3.4% after grain processing. During combine harvesting, the frequency of occurrence of fungi Fusarium sp. and Alternaria sp. it increased by 4.7–4.8% on seeds, and after cleaning it decreased again, but it was still 1.5–2.4% higher than on seeds from ears.

Studies conducted in the Ryazan region have shown that both the presence of mineral nutrition and the nature of the predecessors in the crop rotation are extremely important for the soybean yield. The experiment was carried out on six-field crop rotations with two backgrounds of fertilizers — without fertilizers and with the application of (NPK)90. The soybean of the Georgiy variety, which is the fifth link in crop rotations, was used as an object of study. Barley, winter wheat, and various perennial grasses were present in each of the crop rotations. To replenish organic matter in the soil, the organic mass of plants in the form of crop residues after harvesting the main part of the crop and perennial grasses included in the crop rotation was crushed and incorporated into the soil. In each crop rotation at the time of soybean cultivation, soil fertility, yield and quality of soybean seed were studied in order to identify the best predecessors. It was revealed that the highest yield is achieved in a crop rotation with legume-grass grasses using (NPK)90 — the largest increase in relation to unfertilized options was 14%, 11% and 22.8%. Variants with fertilizers also demonstrate the best indicators of soybean seed quality in terms of protein and oil content, where crop rotations with legumes and grasses also reach the highest values. It was revealed that all fertilized variants with were characterized by better indicators of soil fertility compared to unfertilized ones. It is concluded that the presence of perennial sideral grasses has a positive effect on soil fertility and contributes to an increase in soybean yields.

Relevance. In recent years, this crop, which is cultivated in order to obtain oil and fiber, is gradually gaining its abundance, increasing the acreage. In many agro-industrial enterprises, hemp is being introduced into crop rotations, and plants for its processing are being built. This culture plays a huge national economic importance and finds its application in various industries. One of the main elements of cannabis cultivation technology is the use of highly productive varieties.

Methodology. The laying of field experiments, related observations and records were carried out in accordance with existing methodological guidelines for conducting field and vegetation experiments with cannabis.

Results. The most optimal variety for the conditions of the Southern forest-steppe zone of the Republic of Bashkortostan is the Nadezhda variety. This variety is superior to the others (Vera and Omegadar-1) in terms of quality and quantity. For example, from the 2021–2022 studies on biomorphometric indicators, it follows that Nadezhda achieved the best indicators for: plant height (194.50 cm and 194.33 cm), technical stem length (160.60 cm and 162.45 cm), inflorescence length (33.90 cm and 31.88 cm), stem diameter (0.8–0.9 cm), the number of internodes (8–9 pcs.), the average length of internodes (12.5 cm and 19.87 cm). The weight of 1000 seeds was 17.01 g and 18.10 g, oil content — 32.89% and 33.72%, yield — 0.88 t/ha and 1.71 t/ha. The greatest results in 2022 are associated with agrometeorological conditions.

Relevance. The task of modern feed production is to increase feed production, as well as improve their quality and energy saturation. A special place in solving this problem belongs to perennial legumes and grasses. At the same time, it is important to use precisely those crops and varieties that have the greatest biological potential.

Methods. The objects of research were meadow clover (Pochinkovets variety and Topaz variety), timofeevka meadow (VIC 911 variety), ryegrass pasture (Karat variety and Express variety), for the realization of the biological potential of which solid mineral fertilizers (ammonium nitrate, double superphosphate, potassium chloride) are needed, as well as concentrated liquid complex fertilizers of the series “Ultramagus.”

Results. Among the studied species of perennial grasses, meadow clover has the highest yield, so among the clover varieties, the Pochinkovets variety had the greatest potential. Varieties of meadow clover increased the collection of dry matter when applying solid phosphorus-potassium fertilizers and liquid complex fertilizer “Ultramag Combi”. The highest yield was obtained in variants with the combined use of root fertilization with solid fertilizers at the rate of P80K120 and foliar fertilization with liquid complex fertilizer “Ultramag Combi”. The yield of meadow clover, depending on the variety, ranged from 12.05 to 12.46 t/ha. Varieties of meadow clover Pochinkovets and Topaz in the conditions of the Smolensk region form a tall monodominant herbage capable of intensive regrowth during the season and yielding at least two full-fledged mowing under optimal cultivation conditions.

Relevance. Dairy processing enterprises are expanding the range of dairy products with the introduction of production of various cheeses. Small producers have also become active in cheese production. In 2023, the decrease in the price and demand for raw milk had a particularly strong impact on collective (farmer) and personal subsidiary farms. This caused the need for milk processing in rural conditions. Our research is aimed at developing technology for the production of ”Rossiysky” cheese for peasants and farms.

Methods. The Kjeldahl method determined the mass fraction of protein, acid method — the mass fraction of fat, calculated — the mass fraction of dry matter and skimmed milk residue, ultrasonic — the mass fractions of milk fat, protein, lactose, milk powder, skimmed milk residue, the amount of added water, mineral salts, density, freezing point, temperature, by the express method — active acidity.

Results. The chemical composition and physico-chemical properties of raw milk were studied in winter and spring. It was found that the mass fraction of fat in milk reaches 4.31–4.65%. Mass fraction of protein is 2.92–3.02%. The ratio of milk fat to protein is 1.48–1.54, with the recommended norm being 1.1–1.25. Changes were made to the technological scheme for the production of “Rossiysky” cheese, taking into account the characteristics of the quality of milk and the equipment used in the conditions of peasants and farms. To obtain milk with the required protein to fat ratio, the mixture was normalized. “Rossiysky” cheese was produced from normalized milk. The quality of cheese in terms of organoleptic, physico-chemical and microbiological indicators meets the requirements of regulatory documents.

Relevance. It is worth noting that consumers’ awareness of the environmental burden that milk production carries continues to grow. Consumers are looking for alternatives that are more environmentally friendly and have high nutritional value. The demand for plant-based products is increasing for various reasons, namely, 65% of the world’s population has a reduced ability to digest lactose and 6% of the population is allergic to milk protein. According to statistics, 49% of women and 36.6% of men experience symptoms of functional gastrointestinal disorders. Soybeans are one of the most widely grown and consumed legumes worldwide. Thus, the development of new plant-based fermented products is a particularly actual issue.

Methods. The objects of study were soybean dispersion and microorganisms Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Propionibacterium. The quality indicators of the resulting soy dispersion were determined. The process of acid accumulation during fermentation with probiotic microorganisms were studied. Data on the accumulation of bacterial biomass during the fermentation process were obtained and the effect of the use of selected starter microorganisms on the change in the antioxidant status of fermented dispersions during storage were investigated.

Results. Research results showed that soybean dispersion is a good substrate to produce fermented beverages using Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Propionibacterium microorganisms. The most rapid process occurs when L. bulgaricus and P. schermanii KM-186 are used and the fermentation lasted for 6 hours. All selected strains adapt well to the plant-based media, but the greatest increase in biomass occurs during fermentation with L. bulgaricus, B. longum B379M and B. bifidum. Lactic acid and propionic acid bacteria provide high and stable levels of antioxidant activity on both the 1st and 6th and 12th days of storage.

Relevance. Sugar beet is one of the raw materials from which granulated sugar is produced, and it, in turn, is one of the indicators by which the food security of any country is assessed. In 2020, European countries produced 47.6% of the total global volume of sugar beet, Asian countries — 18.6%, America — 13.3%, the Russian Federation — 13.7%, African countries — 6.7%. At the same time, the share of sugar beet production in global production increased in Asian countries (from 15.9% in 2010 up to 18.6% in 2020), in the Russian Federation (from 10.1 to 13.7%), in African countries (from 4.6 to 6.7%). A decrease in sugar beet production was noted in European countries — from 55.4% in 2010 to 47.6% in 2020, in American countries — from 14 to 13.3%. In the Russian Federation, sugar production per capita generally meets not only rational consumption standards, but also all criteria for food self-sufficiency. The excess of actual consumption over rational consumption in Russia is 62.5%. The lowest sugar beet production volumes are observed in countries such as Greece, Portugal, North Macedonia, Pakistan, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Kyrgyzstan, and some others.

Results. The results of the study showed that in order to increase the economic indicators of sugar beet production, Russian commodity producers need to implement a policy of intensification of agricultural production along with updating the material and technical base using modern agricultural technologies and the development of their own breeding and genetic centers.

The socio-economic realities of today force to look for development ways at the expense of internal resources. The deployment of local systems is perspective at the regional level, because they based on the traditional economic patterns of ethnic communities inhabiting the region. Ethnoeconomical patterns are the relevant model for the geographical, spatial and socio-cultural conditions in which they were formed. This fact allows us to highly evaluate their potential. This article attempts to assess the prospects for the development of the ethnic economy of a region Khakassia. Author uses statistical data and materials of sociological survey of ethnic communities of the region (Russians, Khakass people and Shors). They have the greatest influence on the vector of ethnoeconomical development of the republic. The peculiarity of the ethnic economy of Khakassia is the high role of households of the population. They play a significant role in the agricultural sector. They produce a large amount of both vegetables and meat products. There are various programs aimed at supporting the livestock industry for both peasant (farmer) farms and personal subsidiary farms at the regional level. Representatives of the titular ethnic group (Khakass people) and indigenous small-numbered peoples (Shors) generally remain focused on traditional economic practices: cattle breeding and crafts. Author concludes that the support of the distinctive types of economic activities of these ethnic groups is necessary not only from the point of view of economic expediency, but also for the preservation of the culture of these people.