Introduction. Pesticide poisoning is one of the main causes of mass death of bee colonies observed in different countries of the world. However, at present, abandoning the use of plant protection products is not possible, since insects and crop weeds are responsible for the loss of at least half of the world's food supply. An increase in insect pest activity due to global warming will lead to even greater losses. All this dictates the need for a wider introduction of biological methods of plant protection. Bioinsecticides based on entomopathogens can become an alternative to chemicals that have a pronounced toxic effect on nontarget organisms.

Methods. The object of the study was honey bee Apis mellifera mellifera L. of the Carpathian breed, subjected to oral and contact exposure to Turinbash-G, the active ingredient of which is the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. aizawai strain 12K and Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. thuringiensis, strain VNIIVEA-177. As a guide, the work used «Methodological recommendations for assessing the effect and potential hazard of pesticides for honeybees», approved by the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences and the Department of Veterinary Medicine of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, as well as GOST 33038-2014 and GOST 33039-2014 «Mеthods for testing chemical products posing a danger to the environment.» In the course of the studies, the acute oral toxicity and acute contact toxicity of the active substance of Turinbash-G.

Results. Studies have not revealed signs of acute toxicity of the Turinbash-Zh bioinsecticide for honey bees both with oral and with contact exposure to the drug. The maximum mortality rate of bees in the experimental groups 96 hours after the end of exposure to the studied drug is 16.7%. LD₅₀ in determining the acute oral toxicity of the active substance of the drug Turinbash-Zh — above the value of 1·10⁶ CFU/bee, LK₅₀ — above 100 ml/l; in determining the acute contact toxicity LD₅₀ above the value of 1·10⁵ CFU/bee, LK₅₀ — above 100 ml/l.

The article presents analytical data for assessing cyclical trends in morbidity and mortality, correlation analysis of morbidity due to zooanthroponoses, and trend analysis of biological threats based on statistical data for the Ryazan region from 2017 to 2021. This analysis made it possible to compile a matrix of pairwise Pearson correlation coefficients for infectious and parasitic diseases of animals and humans, which are zooanthroponoses, and to reveal a correlation between the incidence of humans and animals.

The highest score rank (2.208) and correlation coefficient (0.88) are typical for tuberculosis caused by mycobacteria. This disease is zooanthroponosis and is particularly dangerous. The second place of the trend is occupied by bacteria of the genus Salmonella (point rank — 1.362, correlation coefficient — 0.75). The third, fourth and fifth places of the trend are occupied by acute intestinal infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus (score rank —0.577, correlation coefficient — 0.79), Escherichia coliform bacteria (score rank—0.397, correlation coefficient — 0.82), Enterobacter, Citrobacter, Klebsiella (score rank — 0.308, correlation coefficient — 0.87).

Relevance. The widespread occurrence of helminthiasis leads to significant economic damage: loss of production, decreased fertility, significant costs for therapeutic and preventive measures, culling and mass death of domestic animals (especially young animals). Parasitization of helminths observed in farm animals is associated with the development of immunodeficiency. Deworming, as a rule, also leads to certain negative changes in the immune system.
Methods. The use of combination therapy, including the use of anthelmintic drugs in combination with recombinant interleukin-2 (Roncoleukin®) for the treatment of helminthiasis of animals of various etiologies.
Results. The use of anthelmintics in combination with pathogenetic therapy with recombinant interleukin-2 promotes the restoration of immunoreactivity of animals, reduces the likelihood of adverse reactions and improves the results of deworming. The use of combination therapy in cattle, horses and pigs increases the effectiveness of the treatment of helminthiasis: there is a significant decrease in the intensity of invasion by 2, 8, 19 times and the extent of invasion by 7, 13, 21%, an increase in the values of intensity effectiveness by 8, 13, 25% and extensivity by 7, 16, 21%. The use of the combined deworming method contributes to a significant increase in the average daily weight gain of animals in comparison with monotherapy with anthelmintic drugs.

Relevance. Bacteriophage preparations are a promising tool for the prevention and treatment of zoonoses. The effectiveness of the use of phage preparations at different stages of food production has been proven: in the cultivation of animals, in the processing of their slaughter products and in the sanitation of finished products from the causative agent of salmonellosis. The creation of an effective agent capable of protecting piglets from salmonellosis during a period of high risk of infection during weaning is an urgent task.

Methods. To study the properties of bacteriophages, methods were used to determine: lytic activity (according to Appelman and Grazia), the spectrum of their lytic action, the range of specificity, the frequency of formation of phage-resistant forms, bacterial strains selected for their reproduction. The selection of phage strains that are promising for the manufacture of a preparation based on them for the treatment and prevention of pig salmonellosis was carried out according to the criteria recommended for the selection of industrial strains of bacteriophages.

Results. A collection of 24 virulent Salmonella phages was formed. The study of their biological properties made it possible to select 4 strains of bacteriophages promising for the manufacture on their basis of a drug against swine salmonellosis.

Relevance. In conditions of intensive dairy cattle breeding, the incidence of cows with mastitis continues to be an urgent problem. The number of somatic cells (CCCs) in milk is a breeding indicator for improving the health of the mammary gland of cows. The study of animal resistance to the disease, which is based, among other things, on the genetic component, will make it possible to increase the efficiency of breeding in the future. The purpose of this work is a comparative analysis of the relationship of polymorphic variants of the ACS L1 (rs208522533) and CD62L (rs41803917 and rs41803917) genes with indicators of milk productivity and the level of somatic cells in the milk of Ayrshire cows.

Methods. A sample of first-calf cows of Ayrshire breed (n = 191) belonging to one of the breeding farms of the Leningrad region was formed. Animal genotypes were determined by PCR-PDRF. Analysis of the genotype frequency by rs208522533 of the ACS LI gene showed that 99% of the animals were carriers of the GG genotype.

Results. The results of studies of the CD62L gene showed that rs41803917 determined a high frequency of the G allele (80.4%) and on average more than 60% of animals had the GG genotype. rs109966956 of the CD62L gene revealed a high frequency of the C allele (80.1%) and 64.9% of the animals had the CC genotype. High values of BOX PC were established in small groups of animals with the AA genotype according to rs41803917 (p £ 0.05) and the TT genotype according to rs109966956 (p £ 0.001). Individuals with the AG genotype according to rs41803917 of the CD62L gene had high protein percentages (p £ 0.05) and low BSC (p £ 0.05). The results obtained indicate that SNPs rs41803917 and rs41803917 of the CD62L gene can be considered as potential markers of resistance to mastitis in Ayrshire cows.

Relevance. One of the creators of the Kazakh white-headed breed of cattle, which has become widespread in the arid steppes from the Volga region to Mongolia, is Doctor of Agricultural Sciences K.А. Akopyan. Despite the fact that the scientist made a significant contribution to the development of Russian animal science, no major biographical monographs have been written about his innovative achievements, his scientific works are a bibliographic rarity. Scientific heritage of K.A. Akopyan requires a deep and comprehensive analysis.

Methods. The use of problem-chronological and comparative-historical methods makes it possible to trace certain important stages in the life of a scientist. The published scientific works of K.A. Akopyan, as well as research work on the creation of the Kazakh white-headed breed of cattle.

Results. The study showed that Hakobyan?s scientific heritage is unique, and the range of scientific activities is wide and varied. In addition to creating a new valuable breed, he developed methods for the accelerated intensive cultivation and fattening of young cattle, a rational system for obtaining high meat productivity. Further improvement of the Kazakh white-headed breed, indispensable for breeding in extreme natural and climatic conditions of dry steppes and deserts, should be based on knowledge of economically useful, biological, breeding qualities of animals and scientifically based methods for their improvement

Relevance. To ensure the profitability of production, it is necessary to use certain schemes for crossing pigs of different breeds. Since the choice of the correct crossing scheme can significantly affect the final result. Crossbred animals, due to the effect of heterosis, are superior in productive qualities to the original maternal and paternal breeds. The paper presents an assessment of the meat qualities of local young pigs obtained as a result of industrial three-breed crossing.

Methods. To implement the scientific and economic experience, three groups of sows of pairs-analogues of a large white breed from the company Hypor (KB Hypor) were formed. Sows of the 1st group were crossed with boars of the Landrace breed from PIC (Landrace Pic), the 2nd — with boars of the Landrace breed from Genesus Genetics (Landrace Genesus), the 3rd — with boars of the Landrace breed from Hypor (Landrace Hypor), as a result, two-breed crossbreeds (F1) were obtained. Further, the obtained crossbred sows (F1) of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd experimental groups were crossed with boars of the Duroc breed from Genesus Genetics, as a result, they received commercial young (F2).

Results. The highest pre-slaughter live weight was obtained from animals of the 1st group (125.12 kg). This is more than in the 2nd and 3rd experimental groups, respectively, by 5.8% and 4.0%. Significantly, the highest slaughter weight was in the 1st group (93.51 kg), and the lowest — in the 2nd (87.8 kg). Most of the meat was obtained from animals of the 1st group — 62.85 kg (p ≤ 0.05). This is higher than in the 2nd and 3rd experimental groups, respectively, by 8.2% and 5.9%.

Relevance. The main direction in the improvement of dairy cattle breeds is the search for ways and methods of creating highly productive herds. However, the successful solution of these issues is impossible without the use of modern methods and technologies. Among them, sexed sperm is a sperm divided into Xand Y-containing spermatozoa. When using sexed sperm in dairy cattle breeding, it is possible to regulate the receipt of the desired sex (heifers). The effective use of sexed semen will provide farms with a complete set of their own breeding stock and will allow the sale of heifers.

Methods. The object of research was cows inseminated with sexed sperm of stud bulls of different breeds in a breeding unit. The fertilization of the breeding stock, the duration of pregnancy, the effect of the season on fertilization, analytic investigation of calf crop percent were investigated. For analysis the data were used from the database for zootechnical and pedigree data registration «SELEKS».

Results It was found that the fertilization of heifers from the first insemination with sexed sperm was 38,8%, subsequently it decreased and amounted to 27,7% at the second insemination, 5,5% at the third. 28% remained infertile, 72% of heifers from the total remained pregnant. 85% of live heifers and 15% of bulls were obtained. During the initial insemination of cows of the first calving with sexed sperm, 27,7% of cows became pregnant, with repeated insemination — 27,7%. Fertilization decreased, 39,1% of the animals remained infertile. The best results of fertilization of breeding stock using sexed semen were obtained during the primary insemination of heifers

Relevance. With a high intensity of growth of animals during the growing period and the initial fattening period, when there is a predominant accumulation of muscle mass, microbial protein and a low amount of non-degradable protein are not able to meet the needs of a growing organism in amino acids. To obtain high gains, it is necessary to increase the amount of metabolic amino acids due to the intake of undeveloped well-digested protein into the intestine.

Methods. Two periods of experiment were conducted on 3 groups of bulls (n = 3) during the growing and fattening period with different levels of degradation protein in the diets. The level of degradation protein was changed through the use of processed and unprocessed sunflower meal and was controlled by incubation methods in sacco, as well as by conducting balance experiments, monitoring microbial-enzymatic processes in the rumen and blood parameters.

Results. It was found that reducing the disintegration of crude protein by replacing part of the natural sunflower meal with processed provides a significant reduction in the ammonia content in the scar fluid from 9,73 мg / 100 ml to 9,0 during the growing period (p < 0,1) and from 16,8 mg / 100 ml to 13,2 during the fattening period (p < 0,05), due to which nitrogen excretion in urine decreased from 31,0 to 26,0 g/day (p < 0,05) and from 73,0 to 62,0 g/day (p < 0,05) and the average daily gain in body weight increased from 1300 to 1375 g/day (p < 0,05) in the corresponding periods.

Relevance. In modern conditions of intensive animal husbandry, primary importance is attached to the feeding of chelated forms of trace elements, in particular selenium. The purpose of the research was to develop norms for feeding organic selenium for calves in the dairy and post-dairy growing periods.

Materials and methods. Scientific, economic and balance experience in JSC «Molodi» of the Chekhov district of the Moscow region on 55 heads of young cattle of a black-and-white Holstein breed. During the studies, the calves of the 1st control group (C-) were fed the feed of the main diet (OR) without any Se additives, while the calves of the 2nd experimental group (C+) were fed OR and Se in an amount of 0.30 mg/kg of dry matter (CB) of the diet (additionally, a premix was set, containing sodium selenite), animals of the 3rd experimental group (E100) were fed in addition to OR Se in organic form plus 0.30 mg/kg of the ration (in the dairy and post-dairy periods, analogues from the 4th experimental group (E75) were fed OR plus 0.22 mg/kg of the Se ration (in organic form), calves of the 5th experimental group (E50) were fed as a part of OR 0.15 mg/kg Se (in organic form).

Results. On average, over the period of the experiment, the total average daily increase in live weight of calves of the experimental groups was, respectively, 719 g, 736 g, 781 g, 710 g (or by 6,8%, 9,4%, 16%, 5,5%) and by 8.6% more compared to the control and calves of the 2nd an experimental group that received an inorganic form of selenium according to the norms of the needs of dairy cattle.

Relevance. In the arid steppe zone, strong wind, weak water erosion and other adverse phenomena are manifested. Similar processes are observed in Siberia. At present, the re-development of deposits is beginning and soil degradation is again manifested in the steppe regions of the Republic of Khakassia. For the effective use of land resources, it is necessary to develop a soil protection technology for soil treatment of deposits in the steppe foothill zone of the south of Central Siberia.

Methods. The study of the effectiveness of soil treatment technologies of the erosive agroecological group of fallow lands was carried out in the Baysky foothill steppe soil-geographical agrolandscape region of the Republic of Khakassia, located in the south of Central Siberia. Research for three years was carried out in the link of crop rotation: a four-year–old grain–grass deposit — buckwheat — buckwheat by the method of field experience of Boris Dospekhov. Mеthods of water-physical, agrochemical, economic and energy research were used in the performance of the work.

Results. It was revealed that on four-year fallow lands there is soil compaction, low content of elements of mineral nutrition. The influence of the complex application of continuous herbicides (Tornado 500) and soil tillage technology on erosion resistance has been established. During summer tillage of the deposit and timely application of herbicide, there is an increase in wind resistance and productivity of the crop rotation link. In the foothill steppe region, with such a soil protection technology with the treatment of ordinary chernozem, the erodibility is 27.5–30.9 g / 5 min of exposure.

Relevance. The article shows the contribution and significance of the indices of the selection traits in the formation of an increase in the yield of millet of the Rossiyanka variety in the competitive variety testing. The purpose of the study is to study the significance and share of the influence of the indices of the selection traits in the formation of highly pro ductive varieties of millet.

Methodology. Scientific research was carried out on the basis of the laboratory of breeding and seed production of cereals and sorghum crops of the Volga Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The object of the study is the data of the structural analysis of plants and the yield of millet seeds of the Rossiyanka seed variety (selection of the Volga NIISS) in comparison with the standard variety Saratovskoye 6 in the nursery of competitive variety testing for 2005–2021. The research was conducted in accordance with the Methodology of the State Commission for Variety Testing of Agricultural Crops. The evaluation of the selected features and the contribution of each of them to the formation of productivity was carried out by the method of multiple regression in the program «Statistics».

Results. Long-term studies have shown that for the formation of a highly productive statistical model of millet sown in the conditions of the forest-steppe of the Samara region, the most significant indices of the selection features are: the number of grains in a panicle (from 103%, or 221 pcs. per productive plant) and the number of productive stems (at least 126%, or 176 pcs/m2). The contribution of these main predictors gives the variance of the yield increase in 6 cases out of 10.

Relevance. The conditions of the Rostov region are characterized by a change in environmental factors (severe winters, drought, waterlogging in some years, different levels of soil fertility, etc.), therefore, production requires varieties with a wide level of adaptivity, tolerance to the most harmful diseases, resistant to lodging, abiotic stress. The purpose of the research is to study varieties of various ecological and geographical origin and to identify sources of economically valuable traits and properties of winter barley for inclusion in breeding programs and their involvement in hybridization.

Methods. The research was carried out in 2018–2021 in a variety test on the predecessor of peas. The study included 28 varieties of domestic (FSBI ANC «Donskoy», FSBI «North Caucasian FNAC», FSBI «National Grain Center named after P.P. Lukyanenko») and foreign (Ukraine, Germany) breeding. Weather conditions during the years of research made it possible to obtain relatively high yields in the nursery, as well as to fully evaluate the breeding material according to the main economically valuable characteristics and properties.

Results. The highest yield was obtained for varieties Marusya (Russia) — 7.9 t/ha, Erema — 7.4 t/ha, Vivat — 7.3 t/ha (Russia), KWS-Meredian — 7.3 t/ha (Germany), Ogonkovsky — 7.2 t/ha (Russia). Two varieties can be distinguished as sources of precocity — Fox 1 (Russia) and KWS-Casino (Germany), in which earing was noted on May 12–13. The varieties Explorer 5 and Explorer 7 (Germany) stood out in terms of coarse grain. Such varieties as Capten (2.6 g), KWS-Meredian (2.5 g), Explorer 7 (Germany) (2.6 g), Galaktion (Switzerland) (2.5 g), Plato (Russia) (2.5 g) formed a high mass of grain from the ear. The sources of shortness are two varieties: Fox 1 (Russia) and KWS-Casino (Germany). According to the results of the analysis, varieties that can be used as a starting material in breeding programs for winter barley have been identified.

Relevance. The mulberry gene pool of the RS of Sericulture — branch «The North Caucasus FARC», is located in areas with various mechanical composition of soils. Monitoring and screening of the mulberry gene pool is a priority in the work of the station to preserve the general collection, select varieties for feeding mulberry silkworms in order to improve the feeding base of sericulture.

Methods. The research was carried out on mulberry plantations of the Sericulture Station. The object of research: two fodder varieties — Georgia and PS-109, which have a high productivity potential for silkworm rearing. The evaluation of varieties was carried out according to the phenological phases of development, the yield of mulberry leaves and the yield of silk products, statistical data processing — according to the method of O.V. Yanzer, E.Yu. Terentyeva, forage testing on the Caucasus-1 breed — according to the method of A.A. Klimova.

Results. A comparative description of the initial vegetation phases of Gruziya and PS-109 varieties growing in areas that differ in the mechanical composition of soils is presented. Different dynamics of leaf development has been established in the same variety from different areas. It is mathematically proved that the uneven development of the mulberry leaf blade from different sites reduces the yield of the leaf of the required quality by 19.6%, silk productivity — by 28.4%. Preliminary assessment of varieties based on the dynamics of the initial phases of mulberry development makes it possible to assess the volume and quality of the sheet in the pre-feeding period and ensure high productivity of mulberry silkworm feeds.

Relevance. The introduction of new genotypes and varieties with adaptive and valuable economic and technological characteristics remains one of the most effective ways to expand viticulture, form, improve and enrich the biodiversity of industrial assortment in the current climate change conditions. The introduction of new introduced grape varieties with group resistance makes it possible to eliminate numerous treatments of plantations with pesticides and to obtain environmentally friendly, competitive products. The purpose of the work is to determine the adaptive potential and evaluate the productivity of introduced grape varieties of the Magarach Institute selection in Dagestan to expand the assortment and improve the conveyor of technical grape varieties.

Methods. The research was carried out on the basis of the ampelographic collection of the Dagestan Breeding Experimental Station of Viticulture and Vegetable Growing branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution «North Caucasus Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Winemaking». The objects of study were introduced technical grape varieties of All-Russian National Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking «Magarach» of the Russian Academy of Sciences selection Antey Magarachsky, Рodarok Magaracha, Рervenets Magarach, as well as Rkatsiteli (control) and Saperavi (control). Grape culture is indigenous, irrigated, planted in 2003. The shape of the bushes is high-stemmed, double-shouldered cordon of Cazenava. Planting scheme of grape varieties — 3.5 x 2.0 m.

Results. In the course of our research, we found that in the conditions of southern Dagestan, in terms of the complex of agrobiological and economically valuable characteristics, the grape varieties of t he FSBSI AllRussian National Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking «Magarach» of the Russian Academy of Sciences selection, Antey Magarachsky, the Pervenets Magaracha, the Podarok Magaracha when cultivated in the root culture, are not inferior, and in a number of indicators significantly exceed the control varieties of Rkatsiteli and Saperavi. The studied varieties also have resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors and a complex of adaptively significant features necessary for the formation of ecological and biologized viticulture systems in various soil and climatic conditions (microzones) of the Republic of Dagestan, which indicates the possibility and expediency of their effective cultivation in industrial plantings of the Republic of Dagestan in the root culture and, especially, is relevant in the changing climate conditions of the south of Russia.

Relevance. The efficiency of agricultural production largely depends on the technical condition of the agricultural machinery fleet. The technical condition, in turn, depends on many factors that determine the level of operation of the equipment. One of the most important factors determining the reliability of agricultural machinery, the cost of restoring and maintaining the working condition of agricultural machinery is the frequency of maintenance. As a result of studies conducted in the agricultural organizations of the region, it was revealed that engineering and technical services, when organizing maintenance and repair (TO and R), use canceled GOST, referring to the fact that domestic equipment, its reliability and performance are not able to recover when frequency of 125 hours. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the frequency of maintenance and repair on the preservation of the resource and the indicator of the rate of change of the resource, on the performance of the machine-tractor unit (MTA), on fuel consumption, on the costs of restoring and maintaining the working condition of agricultural tractors.
Methods. The following methods were used in the study: normative, statistical, expert assessments, experimental, calculation-constructive, economic-mathematical methods. For the economic justification of the periodicity of technical impacts of agricultural machinery, statistical data from agricultural organizations were used, GOST regulating the maintenance and repair of agricultural machinery were used.
Results. The maintenance and repair system, regulated by GOST 20793-2009, meets the requirements of technical and production operation of tractors. Traction properties of tractors are higher by 0.7%, specific fuel consumption during agricultural technological operations is lower by 0.5%, labor costs for maintaining and restoring technical readiness are lower by 13.8%.

Relevance. Legumes are considered a wonderful food source of biologically valuable components that can positively affect many physiological and metabolic processes. Lupine flour contains valuable protein, carotenoids, vitamin E, macroand microelements, is rich in magnesium, potassium, iron. A distinctive feature of lupin flour is the complete absence of gliadin and gluten in its composition, which is especially important for people with digestive disorders, white lupin seed processing products can serve as excellent components to increase the nutritional value of food, primarily such as bakery and flour confectionery.

Methods. The materials of scientific research in the field of lupin production, the biochemical composition of its seeds, the feasibility of using lupin processing products in the production of food from plant raw materials have been studied.

Results. Legumes play an important role in human nutrition and are part of the traditional diet of many regions around the world. Legumes, including white lupin, contain a significant amount of protein, fiber, trace elements and many valuable phytochemicals. As part of the daily diet, they can have a beneficial physiological effect and, thus, can help in the control and prevention of diseases of civilization, such as diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, atherosclerosis. A long-standing problem associated with legumes is a rather high content of anti-nutritional factors that can limit their biological value. According to current research, these compounds can be easily removed or reduced when processing conditions change; some of these substances may also have a positive effect on human health.

Relevance. Creation of models and normative documentation for four groups of canned food, technological schemes of production and control will allow creating the production of canned products for gero-dietic purposes at Russian enterprises. Four types of canned food are produced under production conditions. The creation of operator models of subsystems of technological flows of production is one of the most significant technological tasks and allows you to unify existing technologies and really increase labor productivity and product quality.

Objects and methods of research. Apples, cherry plums, beets, oats, watermelons, walnuts in a milky-wax degree of ripeness, pasteurized whey, canned drinks, creams, kissels, desserts. As the main indicators characterizing the quality and value of new types of geroproducts, standard physicochemical and organoleptic indicators, as well as indicators characterizing the nutritional value and microbiological indicators, were chosen.

Conclusions. System analysis and system synthesis of technological flows for the production of functional food products of a new generation were applied and element-wise flow structures were worked out on a simulation model. The information obtained is systematized in accordance with the scheme of the functional structure of the search for a technical solution and applied to create operator models. Models of four groups of canned food (drinks, kissels, creams, desserts) for gero-dietic purposes have been developed, the technological flow has been worked out in production conditions.

Relevance. The efficiency of budget expenditures can be considered on the basis of achievement of a socially significant planned result. We have a question which result should be recognized as the target one. The efficiency of subsidies is embodied in the efficiency of the activity of producers in agriculture. In turn, the efficiency of producers' activity is expressed through factor productivity. The issue of correlation of subsidies with the dynamics of factor productivity needs more detailed elaboration, which determines the relevance of the work. The object of the research is the agricultural subsidy system. The subject of the research is the economic efficiency of agricultural subsidies in Kazakhstan.

Methods. The author applies economic and statistical analysis to study the time series on the economic efficiency of subsidies in Kazakhstan. The survey uses comparative analysis to compare the economic efficiency of subsidizing agriculture in Kazakhstan and Russia. System analysis serves to determine the factors influencing the dynamics of the main indicators of agricultural development in Kazakhstan and Russia.

Results. In order to assess the economic efficiency of agricultural subsidies, the study proposes to correlate subsidies with the dynamics of output, productivity of individual factors. The work reveals that subsidies do not create the conditions under which many agricultural producers would consciously move to innovative and environmentally friendly technologies.