There are many problems associated with uncontrolled artificial breeding of dogs, which lead to anatomical abnormalities. In the literature, there is a tendency for dog breeds to appear that have anatomical and physiological changes that lead to the development of pathological childbirth. In populations of breeds with a particularly high risk of dystocia, such as the English Bulldog, the frequency of planned cesarean sections can approach 80%, therefore it is necessary to take a responsible approach to the formation of anesthetic protocols. Thus, the survival rate of newborns and the state of the maternal body depend on this. Anesthesia protocols adopted for cesarean section should provide adequate muscle relaxation, anesthesia and anesthesia to ensure optimal working conditions. The use of opioid analgesics helps to ensure adequate pain control during cesarean section. One of the most commonly used opioids during this surgery in dogs is morphine. The dosage of morphine may vary depending on the size of the dog and the degree of pain. When performing a cesarean section, it is recommended to use drugs that do not cause neonatal depression. It is noted that epidural anesthesia reduces the need for intraoperative analgesics without causing severe neonatal depression. The main drugs that can be used in the preparation of an anesthesiological protocol during cesarean section are propofol, isoflurane, sevoflurane, lidocaine, morphine, fentanyl. The results of the analysis of the literature data showed the effectiveness of the use of drugs from different groups of medicines.

Relevance. Mastitis of cattle should be considered as one of the most important and serious problems in dairy cattle breeding. Antibiotic therapy is traditionally considered the most effective method of treatment, however,  despite  the  observed  therapeutic  effect,  relapses  often  occur.  Therefore,  the  search  for  new methods of treatment and prevention of mastitis is extremely relevant.

Methods.  The  objects  of  research  were  black-and-white  cows.  In  the  first  series  of  tests,  according to  the  principle  of  analog  groups,  four  groups  of  cows  of  10  heads  were  selected:  one  control  and three  experimental,  in  the  second  series  –  three  experimental  groups  of  15  heads.  In  the  first  series  of experiments,  we  carried  out  the  prevention  of  cow  mastitis  using  the  immunotropic  drugs  “Prevention-N-A-M” and “Prevention-N-B-S” developed in the Chuvash State Agrarian University, as well as the drug “Mastinol”  used  on  the  farm.  The  drugs  were  applied  to  animals  of  the  experimental  groups  at  a  dose of  10  ml  45–40,  25–20,  15–10  days  before  calving,  in  the  control  group  the  drugs  were  not  used.  In  the second series of experiments, mastitis therapy was carried out according to the following scheme: in the 1st experimental group, “Prevention-N-A-M” was administered to animals, in the 2nd experimental group “Prevention-N-B-S” 40 ml every 24 hours, in the 3rd experimental group “Amoxicillin” 40 ml twice with 48 hours apart.

Results.  It  has  been  established  that  immunotropic  drugs  contribute  to  the  prevention  and  treatment  of cow mastitis, improve hematopoiesis, metabolism, activate factors of nonspecific resistance, reproductive and productive qualities of the body, with a more pronounced — “Prevention-N-A-M” effect.

Relevance.  Accidental disease is an actual disease of horses in many countries, including Russia, where cases  of  the  disease  have  been  registered  in  16  administrative  territories.  In  the  Russian  Federation,  the proportion  of  accidental  illness  is  about  47%  in  the  general  infectious  and  parasitic  pathology  of  horses. The mortality rate is high, up to 30–50%, sometimes higher. The treatment of sick animals is prohibited.

The purpose of the study is to study the epizootic situation of accidental illness in the North Caucasus and Southern Federal Districts, where a high density of horse population is registered.

Methods. The epizootic situation of accidental equine disease from 2020 to 2022 was studied based on the materials of annual reports submitted by the state veterinary laboratories of the Russian Federation.The complement binding reaction (CFT) is the main method of lifetime diagnosis of accidental illness.

Results.  Serological  studies  for  accidental  equine  disease  from  2020  to  2022  were  performed  in  all subjects of the North Caucasus and Southern Federal Districts. It has been established that the epizootic situation of accidental illness in the territory of the Southern Federal District is prosperous, and in a number of regions of the North Caucasus Federal District it is tense. Thus, specific antibodies to the causative agent of  accidental  disease  were  detected  in  the  North  Caucasus  Federal  District  in  36  cases,  including  in  the Republic of Dagestan — 27, in the Chechen Republic — 4, in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic — 3, in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic — 2. Thus, the epizootic situation in the South of Russia is different.

Relevance.  The  safety  of  lambs  is  the  most  important  factor  affecting  the  efficiency  of  the  industry. It   is    of   particular relevance for multiple breeds. The level of dairy productivity of ewes is one of the factors affecting the growth and development of lambs, their safety before weaning. Milk productivity is positively correlated with the dynamics of the live weight of lambs.

The aim of the study was to study the milk content of crossbred ( 1/2 southern meat and 1/2 Katum) and purebred (southern meat) ewes, the effect of this indicator on the growth of lambs.

Methods. The  objects  of  the  study  were  purebred  (n  =  46),  crossbred  ( n  =  30)  ewes  and  their  lambs. To determine the amount of milk produced by a ewe over 20 days, the increase in live weight of lambs during this  period  was  multiplied  by  a  factor  of  5  (on  average,  up  to  5  liters  of  milk  are  required  for  an  increase of   1 kg). In multiple-fetal ewes, milk production was determined by multiplying the sum of the growth of all lambs in the litter by 5.

Results. The  number  of  lambs  in  the  litter  and  the  genotype  of  the  ewes  have  a  statistically  significant effect  on  the  live  weight  of  lambs  at  birth  and  the  milk  production  of  ewes.  Lambs  born  alone  in  a  litter exceeded double lambs by 18.1% and triple lambs by 22.6% in live weight. Multiple ewes are superior in milk production to ewes with one lamb. In terms of the amount of milk produced in 20 days, ewes with triplets exceeded their peers with one lamb by 2.24 times, and with twins — 1.52 times. Crossbred (1/2  southern meat and 1/2 katumskaya) ewes are higher in milk productivity than the maternal breed.

Relevance.  When  forming  a  diet  for  feeding  animals  that  are  kept  in  modern  livestock  complexes,  the farmer  pursues  an  exceptionally  rational  approach  in  terms  of  livestock  productivity  and  the  period  of productive  existence  of  animals.  First  of  all,  the  provision  of  these  indicators  forms  the  quality  of  animal feeding, expressed in the total nutritional value of the diet and the quality of mixing the components that make up its composition.

Methods. The updating of the direction of scientific research was carried out on the basis of a preliminary literary  review  of  modern  publications  in  the  international  journals  Journal  of  dairy  science,  Robotics and  autonomous  systems  and  Agriculture.  In  addition,  the  functionality  of  modern  analytical  equipment from  world  manufacturers  used  in  agriculture  was  analyzed.  The  technical  solutions  of  the  exhibits  of industry  exhibitions,  as  well  as  the  accompanying  documentation,  are  considered.  The  existing  methods for  determining  the  homogeneity  of  feed  mixtures  for  farm  animals  have  been  studied,  advantages  and disadvantages have been identified.

Results .  The  existing  methods  for  estimating  the  homogeneity  of  feed  mixtures  are  considered.  A  new concept has been proposed for constructing a system for determining the homogeneity of feed mixtures by  optical  methods,  which  is  based  on  express  measurement  of  the  optical  properties  of  feed  mixture components on the surface of a conveyor belt or mixing unit, the use of which will allow you to manage the temporary modes of mixing feeds and assess the serviceability of the machines and units used.

Relevance.  Holstein  dairy  cattle  are  bred  in  the  Sverdlovsk  region,  its  improvement  is  carried  out  by selecting  and  selecting  the  best  for  further  breeding.  In  order  for  them  to  display  their  genetic  potential  of productivity, it is necessary to ensure a balanced diet. The aim of the work was to assess the diversity  of dairy characteristics in Holstein cows when using the “VivAktiv” feed additive.

Methods. To conduct the study, 4 groups of calved heifers with 10 heads each were formed in a typical breeding plant for the region: a control group and three experimental ones based on the principle of pairs  of analogues. The dairy productivity of cows was evaluated for the first lactation and for the calendar year by control milking once a month. The fat and protein content in milk was assessed in an average milk sample once  a  month  from  each  cow.  The  coefficient  of  variability  (variation)  was  calculated  according  to  the generally accepted formula.

Results. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that the use of the “VivAktiv” feed additive did not significantly affect the productivity of cows. The milk yield for lactation by group was 10582.3  ± 187.35,  10640.8 ± 163.89, 10293.9 ± 176.45 and 10080.1  ± 178.13 kg, respectively, the difference was unreliable and  insignificant.  Considering  the  changes  in  the  coefficient  of  variation  between  the  groups,  we  can note a lower variability of the trait in cows of the 2nd experimental group. The animals of the control group came in second place. The largest variety of the trait turned out to be in the 3rd experimental group. Thus, the  variability  of  the  trait  is  influenced  by  the  period  (month)  of  lactation,  to  some  extent  the  duration  of  lactation,  as  well  as  the  use  of  the  feed  additive  “VivAktiv”,  which  had  a  stabilizing  effect  on  cow  yield when used at a dose of 20 g/head/day.

Relevance.  An important factor in reducing the dependence of crop productivity on various limiting factors is  the  use  of  fertilizers  and  biological  products,  which  include  nano-preparations.  The  work  studied  the effect of nano-preparations on the productivity of spring wheat and individual microbiological indicators of sod-podzolic light loamy soil when regulating the water-air regime.

Methods. The  research  was  carried  out  at  the  Gubino  agro-testing  site  (Tver  region)  on  soddy-podzolic light loamy drained soil. When the humidity in the 0–50 cm layer decreased below 70% of the PPV, the water regime was regulated by irrigation. Nanopreparations fulvohumate “Ivan Ovsinsky” and n-BoGum were used by spraying spring wheat plants of the Irgina variety. Nanopreparations were studied both separately and against the background of organic fertilizer — multi-purpose compost at a dose of 10 t/ha. Determination of  individual  groups  of  microorganisms  in  the  soil  was  carried  out  using  generally  accepted  methods  in microbiology.

Results.  During  the  three-year  experiment,  a  significant  increase  (significance  of  differences  p  <  0.05) in  the  yield  of  spring  wheat  was  obtained  in  the  variants  with  nanopreparations  relative  to  the  control. Their  use  against  the  background  of  multi-purpose  compost  when  regulating  the  water-air  regime  gave the  highest  wheat  productivity  in  all  years  of  research.  The  effect  of  both  nanopreparations  was  almost the same. The yield increase from nanopreparations relative to multi-purpose compost over an average of three  years  was  18–20%  for  irrigation  and  11–13%  for  non-irrigation  options  and  amounted  to  3.58  t/ha and 2.83 t/ha respectively. When regulating the water regime, the content of ammonifying and phosphate-mobilizing microorganisms increased, associated with optimal hydration for their vital functions. This was especially  evident  during  the  dry  period,  when  irrigation  was  carried  out.  The  largest  number  of  studied microorganisms was observed in the variants of multi-purpose compost + nanopreparations and with the addition of only multi-purpose compost. At the same time, a high connection with productivity was noted.

Relevance.  The  effect  of  heterosis  is  of  great  importance  in  crop  breeding.  Heterosis  is  defined  as  an increase  in  the  value  of  the  trait  of  F1  hybrids  compared  to  the  average  value  of  both  parents.  In  grain sorghum breeding, heterosis is widely used to increase the yield and expand the adaptive abilities of hybrid plants.

Methods.  The  object  of  research  was  13  of  the  most  precocious  F1  combinations  of  grain  sorghum  and their  parent  forms.  The  crossing  scheme  includes  seven  maternal  (Ros,  Zernishko,  Slavyanka,  Ogonek, Premiere, Mercury, Orlovskoye) and 6 paternal (Ros, Zernishko, Slavyanka, Ogonek, Belochka, Mercury) forms grain sorghum. The parameters of heterosis were calculated using the method of D.S. Omarov.

Results.  The  greatest  effect  of  true  heterosis  along  the  length  of  the  panicle  was  revealed  in  the combinations:  Slavyanka  —  Ogonyok  (15.6%),  Premiere  —  Mercury  (15.0%),  and  the  highest  value of  hypothetical  heterosis  was  found  in  the  crosses  Ogonyok  —  Ros  (22.2%),  Slavyanka  —  Ogonyok (20.1%) and Premiere — Mercury (20.3%). Also, a high degree of phenotypic dominance was found in the combinations Slavyanka — Ogonyok (5.1) and Premiere — Mercury (4.4). Evaluation of hybrids and parental forms shows that many of them exceeded their parent in terms of grain yield  from  one  plant,  thus  showing  true  heterosis,  which  varied  from  6.1%  in  the  Zernyshko  —  Ogonyok hybrid to 49.5% in Premiera — Ros. The highest values of hypothetical heterosis appeared in combinations Ogonyok — Ros and Premiera — Ros — 62.8% and 51.7%. In hybrid combinations, the degree of dominance varied  from  0.6  to  34.0.  Overdomination  was  noted  for  the  Premiera  —  Ros  combination  (34.0)  and  the Ogonyok — Ros (6,7).

Relevance. The study of the effects of insecticides when applied to seeds and ground spraying, fungicides and growth regulator in tank mixtures of mordants is an important component affecting the productivity of the studied crop to optimize the phytosanitary state of the agricultural cenosis of hemp.

Methods. In the Federal State Budgetary Budgetary Institution FNC LC in the conditions of the Penza region in 2020–2023 a field experiment was conducted with hemp of the Central Russian ecotype of the Nadezhda variety according to the following scheme of three-factor experiment: factor A — seed treatment with protectants containing insecticidal substances “Celest Top, KS” and “Tabu, VSK”, used in the norms of 3.0 l/t; factor B — application of fungicides “Benorad, SP”, “Bunker, VSK”, as well as the growth regulator “Albit, TPS”, used in the norms of 2 kg /t, 0.4 and 0.05 l/t, respectively; factor C is the treatment of plants with the insecticide “Samurai Super, CE” at a rate of 1.5 l/ha.

Results. The studied pesticides and growth regulator provided reliable protection of cannabis plants from hemp flea and root rot (“Celest Top” + “Benorad” or “Bunker”). Preparations from the pest allowed to obtain  an  increase  in  the  yield  of  stems  (32.8%  and  27.8%)  and  seeds  (13.4%  and  13.4%).  With  fungicidal disinfection of the seed material, the preserved yield of stems was 29.9% and 29.2%, seeds — 15.7% and 15.1%. Ground spraying with the insecticide “Samurai Super”, seed etching with the fungicides “Benorad” and “Bunker” in combination with the drug “Celest Top” provided an increase in seed yield by 0.40 and 0.39 t/ha, with the drug “Tabu” — by 0.30 and 0.33 t/ha, stems — by 2.36 and 1.56 t/haha, 1.6 and 1.95 t/ha, respectively.

Relevance. In modern realities, reliable sources of cheap and high-quality feed are needed. Changing weather conditions  have  a  great  impact  on  crop  yields.  The  paper  analyzes  the  influence  of  the  weather  conditions  of the region on the introduced Sudanese grass of the Zemlyachka line.

Results. As a result of the studies, the average duration of interphase periods in the Sudanese grass Zemlyachka line was established, correlations of the duration of interphase periods on the sum of active temperatures,  precipitation  and  hydrothermal  coefficient  are  found.  It  has  been  established  that  at  the  initial  stage, high  amounts  of  active  temperatures  are  vital  for  the  development  of  the  Sudanese  grass  of  the  Zemlyachka, and the presence or absence of precipitation during this period does not significantly affect the duration of   the phases. Low average daily temperatures lead to an increase in the duration of interphase periods, as well as to an increase in the sum of the active temperatures of the periods. An increase in precipitation at the middle  stage  of  ontogenesis  leads  to  its  elongation.  A  close  correlation  has  been  established  between  the yield of  green mass and the sum of active temperatures during the periods “sowing — shoots” (r. = 0.8) and “shoots   — exit into the tube” (r = 0.77), as well as on the duration of the period “shoots — entry into the tube” (r  =  0.93).  The  average  yield  of  green  mass  over  the  years  of  research  was  46.2  t/ha,  the  Sudanese  grass  Zemlyachka  is  a  good  source  of  feed.  The  life  cycle  of  a  culture  in  the  conditions  of  the  region  remains,  as  a rule, unfinished, seeds must be purchased from producers from the southern regions. 

Medicinal plants represent a separate group of plants that requires an environmentally safety approach to their protection from harmful organisms. The biotic factor significantly affects on the productivity of medicinal plants and the quality of medicinal raw materials obtained from them.

The VILAR Botanical Garden is a unique scientific and crop production site, its main task is the conservation of rare species of medicinal plants, as well as the development agrotechnologies for species recently taken from nature, or another regions and countries. However, when we growing plants in biocollections on one place for a number of years, there is quite favorable conditions for the reproduction of pests and the spread of diseases. The monitoring results make it possible to monitor and predict the condition of crops on experimental plots and in biocollections. At the same time, a purposeful systematic study of plant pests and diseases in the VILAR Botanical Garden has not been carried out in recent years. Our studies was conducted in 2022–2023 years on 63 species of medicinal plants and allowed to clarify the species composition of pests, including 26 species of phytophages and 9 species of pathogenic fungi. The phytosanitary condition of the regions of the Botanical Garden and the crops on the experimental field was satisfactory, there was no loss of species or crops from the collection due to severe disease or pest damage. Representatives of the family of leaf beetles (Chrysomelidae) and true aphids (Aphididae) had the greatest prevalence among pests, among the diseases — powdery and rusty.

Relevance. Optimization of the mineral nutrition of plants of anthocyanin-containing potato varieties requires an  analysis  of  their  yield,  elemental  composition  and  nutrient  removal.  In  the  work,  these  indicators  were studied for three varieties with different colors of the pulp of tubers (Gala, Syurpriz and Severnoe Siyanie).

Methods.  The  research  was  carried  out  in  a  single-factor  experiment  on  the  experimental  field  of  the  Tver State  Agricultural  Academy  in  2023  on  well-cultivated  sod  —  medium  podzolic  light  loamy  soil.  3  varieties have been studied: Gala, Syurpriz and Severnoe Siyanie . The repetition in the experiment is 3 times. Intensive cultivation  technology  was  observed.  The  yield  of  tubers,  the  content  of  dry  matter,  crude  ash,  nitrogen, potassium,  phosphorus,  iron,  copper,  zinc,  cobalt  and  boron  in  them  —  according  to  standard  methods prescribed in the relevant GOST standards. The content of calcium and magnesium in tubers was determined by the complexometric method.

Results.  The  anthocyanin-containing  varieties  Syurpriz  and  Severnoe  Siyanie  were  characterized  by  higher yields (by 4.2–5.2 t/ha) and the content of nitrogen, calcium, iron, copper, zinc, cobalt and boron in tubers than in the Gala variety. Due to this, they were distinguished by a higher removal of two macronutrients — nitro-gen (76.14–77.28 kg/ha) and calcium (1.95–2.78 kg/ha), five trace elements — iron (112.63–151.29 g/ha), copper (18.79–20.41 g/ha), zinc (66.65–69.84 g/ha), cobalt (0.75–0.77 g/ha) and boron (29.19–37.46 g/ha). The  obtained removal indicators can be used to calculate the approximate doses of fertilizers.

Paulownia tree are one of the plants that have the property of extremely rapid accumulation of plant mass. In this regard, interest in this tree culture has increased significantly in recent years. The purpose of this work is to study the adaptive capabilities of P. tomentosa in the conditions of Stavropol and the prospects for its further use for economic purposes and landscaping of the region. The object of the study was the plants of the collection of the Stavropol Botanical Garden (SBG). Archival data and accounting documentation were used to review the history of the introduction of Paulownia. Biometric measurements of plants were performed according to N.P. Anuchin (1982). The integral assessment of the prospects for the introduction of Paulownia plants was carried out according to the scale of P.I. Lapin and S.V. Sidneva (1973), modified and supplemented by M.A. Koltsova (1983). P. tomentosa has been introduced into the SBG since 1984. Currently, there are several groups of adult Paulownia specimens of various origins in the SBG. The height of adult trees in them varies from 4.3 to 9.0 m, the trunk diameter is from 2.7 to 19.5 cm. The growth of annual shoots reaches 120 cm. The article presents the timing of flowering and fruiting of Paulownia, the peculiarities of the development of culture when grown under different conditions. The methods of reproduction are described: seed and vegetative. P. tomentosa belongs to thermophilic plants — it starts and ends the growing season late. The lignification of annual shoots does not take place fully, as a result of which they are damaged by frosts. Young plants need winter shelter, and in the summer they need sufficient moisture. According to the conducted integral assessment, P. tomentosa belongs to the group of less promising species in the conditions of the SBG, but can be grown as a solitare and in a little groups.

According to analytical studies, today there is a surge in interest in herbal drinks, alternative to dairy. A promising raw material is spelt, the increased interest in which is explained by the ecological purity, unpretentiousness, nutritional value and functional properties of  the cereal. The article presents the results of  a study of the  amount of   basic nutrients in spelt grain of  the Fleece variety grown in 2022 in the Altai Territory of   Russia. The  mass fraction  of   protein  in  it  was  15.40%,  fat  —  3.20%,  ash  content  —  1.80%,  carbohydrate  content  is  69.25% of  which starch is 62.80% in terms of dry matter. The analysis of  the few available literature data on the chemical composition and functional properties of spelt Triticum dicoccum is presented. The  content of  the components in  it  varies  in  a  wide  range  depending  on  agrotechnical  and  climatic  factors.  The  range  of  nutrients  in  grain: proteins — 8.70–22.90%; lipids — 0.99–3.80%; carbohydrates — 68.20–83.22%. Cereal is characterized by a high concentration of   essential amino acids, minerals, vitamins  B, E, carotenoids and phenolic compounds (their  amount  is  shown  in  the  article).  The  low  glycemic  index  makes  it  possible  to  recommend  spelt  to diabetics.  The  antioxidant  activity,  antidiabetic,  hypocholesterolemic  and  anti-carcinogenic  properties of   Triticum  dicoccum are due to the content of   tocopherols, phenolic compounds, carotenoids, dietary fibers, etc.  in   culture.  biologically  active  components.  Due  to  the  valuable  chemical  composition  and  functional properties of  the grain, spelt can be the basis of drinks for dietary nutrition. It can also be used for the prevention of  cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, cancer and others.

Micronutrient deficiency is a serious problem in Russia. In this article, we developed a complex of the essential microelement  manganese  with  ascorbic  acid  and L-isoleucine.  The  properties  of  the  resulting  compound were  studied  by  X-ray  phase  analysis,  IR  spectroscopy,  and  computer  quantum  chemical  modeling.  It  was established that the complex has an amorphous structure. As a result of the simulation, the optimal interaction model  was  determined:  through  the  carboxyl  group  and α-amino  group  of  L-isoleucine,  and  through  the  C₂ and C₃ atoms of ascorbic acid ( E = -2264.757 kcal/mol). Quantum chemical modeling data were confirmed by  IR  spectroscopy.  The  stability  of  the  complex  was  studied  under  various  technological  parameters  (pH, temperature  and  exposure  time).  To  do  this,  a  multifactorial  experiment  was  carried  out  with  three  input parameters  and  three  levels  of  variation.  It  has  been  shown  that  the  stability  of  the  ternary  complex  of  the essential microelement manganese with ascorbic acid and the essential amino acid L-isoleucine is significantly influenced  by  all  parameters  (pH,  temperature  and  exposure  time).  It  was  found  that  with  increasing  pH, temperature  and  exposure  time,  ∆  Eh  increases,  which  indicates  a  loss  of  stability  of  the  complex  and  its destruction. The parameters at which the stability of the samples is observed correspond to the lowest values of ∆  Eh: pH = 3–7,  t = 25–60°,  τ = 5–15. At the next stage, milk was enriched with the resulting compound at the  rate  of  30%  of  the  daily  dose  of  manganese  consumption  and  studied  the  physicochemical  parameters of  milk  depending  on  the  concentration  of  the  developed  complex.  It  was  found  that  for  the  enrichment of   manganese ascorbate isoleucinate it is necessary to use concentrations of 0.005 mol/l or less, since the obtained indicators correspond to the quality standards established in the Russian Federation. According to the organoleptic assessment, the values of the indicators (smell and taste) of milk enriched with manganese ascorbate isoleucinate exceed the values of the indicators of the control sample (JSC MKS, Stavropol, Russia) and the sample enriched with the inorganic form of iron — manganese sulfate.

Relevance.  Aegopodium  podagraria L.   is  a  promising  source  of  biologically  active  substances  for  use  in functional and specialized food systems.

Methods.  The  objects  of  the  study  were  ordinary  dried  leaves  with  a  moisture  content  of  8.5%.  Dried Aegopodium podagraria is prepared from leaves of goutweed, grown in the conditions of Kuzbass. When  carrying  out  the  research,  the  following  test  methods  were  used:  the  mass  fraction  of  iron  was determined  according  to  GOST  26928-86  by  the  colorimetric  method,  the  mass  fraction  of  phosphorus according  to  methodological  instructions  4.1.3217-14,  the  mass  fraction  of  calcium  according  to  the “Guide  to  methods  for  analyzing  the  quality  and  safety  of  food  products”  (Skurikhin  I.M.,  Tutelyan  V.A. Moscow,  1998),  vitamin C   content  according  to  GOST  24556-89,  mass  fraction  of  dietary  fiber according  to  GOST  R   54014-2010  (enzymatic-gravimetric  method),  mass  fraction  of  protein  according to  GOST  54607.7-2016  (Kjeldahl  method),  mass  fraction  of  ash  according  to  GOST  5901-2014,  mass fraction  of  ash  according  to  GOST  5901-2014,  mass  concentration  of  zinc  and  copper  according  to GOST   33842-2016.

Results. The article is the first to show the high content of ordinary ascorbic acid in dried leaves of  Aegopodium podagraria, the proportion of which is 168 mg / 100 g, which allows recommending the ascorbic acid as an ingredient with increased antioxidant activity. According to research, the total amount of minerals is 18.65%. The high iron content should be noted: 118.9  ± 33.3 mg / 100 g, which is more than 600% of the daily intake. Of the macroelements, the content of phosphorus (144.8 ± 40.5) and calcium (1134.8  ± 158.9) is high, which satisfies the daily physiological norm of their consumption by 12% and 94%, respectively. The content of copper and zinc does not exceed their maximum permissible concentration (5 mg/kg), which indicates the safety of use in food production technologies. The data obtained make it possible to calculate the percentage of the addition of dried  Aegopodium podagraria into product formulations to obtain enriched or functional products.

he article is devoted to identifying factors and solving problems related to the fact that the Russian consumer market of meat and processed products remains one of the most vulnerable sectors of the economy.

The  research  uses  general  scientific  methods:  complex,  systematic  and  situational,  as  well  as  graphical methods, comparative analysis, index methods, forecasting methods, factor analysis, correlation analysis.

It  is  shown  that  the  high  rate  of  concentration  of  the  agricultural  sector  of  the  Russian  economy  leads  to  a reduction  in  the  total  number  of  active  agricultural  organizations,  the  absorption  or  squeezing  out  of  this industry  of  small  enterprises  and  the  self-employed  population.  This  leads  to  the  emergence  of  a  small number of agricultural giants and a decrease in the efficiency of using acreage and other agricultural land. It is proved that the growth in the size of agricultural organizations and an increase in the share of agricultural land controlled by them leads to a decrease in the share of agricultural areas for forage crops, a reduction in the  number  of  cattle  and  a  drop  in  beef  production.  The  expediency  of  applying  an  ecosystem  approach  in the agricultural sector is proved. This approach makes it possible to use natural and human resources more efficiently based on the principles of the distributed use economy — the sharing economy.

The  conclusions  drawn  from  the  results  of  the  study  are  important  for  theorists  and  practitioners,  as  they complement the existing knowledge necessary to solve problems related to ensuring sustainable development of the agricultural sector of the economy and meeting consumer demand.

The review article is devoted to the analysis and assessment of the impact of climate change on the efficiency of  agricultural  commodity  production  in  the  Republic  of  Tatarstan  and  ameliorative  measures  to  overcome  its  negative  impact  on  the  performance  of  the  agrarian  sphere.  Studies  of  agrometeorological  data  for   1900–2021 testify to the impending growth of climate aridity in the region. The analysis of modern conditions of  meliorative  industry  development  and  its  economic  efficiency  has  shown  that  1.5%  of  arable  land  area under  irrigation  allows  to  produce  up  to  18%  of  crop  production  in  the  republic,  which  certainly  indicates  a high degree of its efficiency. It has been established that the natural-climatic potential of the republic allows to bring the scale of irrigation reclamation up to four hundred thousand hectares, and to guarantee the need of  the  Republic  of  Tatarstan  in  foodstuffs  of  own  production  it  is  necessary  to  bring  the  volume  of  irrigated lands  up  to  150  thousand  hectares,  which  allows  to  speak  about  the  high  export  potential  of  the  republic. High  efficiency  of  land  reclamation  measures  and  existing  measures  of  state  support  unfortunately  do  not provide its implementation in production activity of agrarian business entities due to the need for preliminary overly  bureaucratized  survey  works,  approvals  for  obtaining  design  and  estimate  documentation  (DED).  The scientific and substantiated measures of land reclamation industry development are proposed, contributing to the preservation and restoration of soil fertility, water resources, reducing the loss of agricultural land area,   a multiple increase in the economic efficiency of agricultural production.